試験Professional-Machine-Learning-Engineer トピック5 問題207 スレッド

Medical entity extraction is a task that involves identifying and classifying medical terms or concepts from unstructured textual data, such as electronic health records, clinical notes, or research papers. Medical entity extraction can help with various use cases, such as information retrieval, knowledge discovery, decision support, and data analysis1.
One possible approach to perform medical entity extraction is to use a BERT-based model to fine-tune a medical entity extraction model. BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) is a pre-trained language model that can capture the contextual information from both left and right sides of a given token2. BERT can be fine-tuned on a specific downstream task, such as medical entity extraction, by adding a task-specific layer on top of the pre-trained model and updating the model parameters with a small amount of labeled data3.
A BERT-based model can achieve high performance on medical entity extraction by leveraging the large-scale pre-training on general-domain corpora and the fine-tuning on domain-specific data. Forexample, Nesterov and Umerenkov4 proposed a novel method of doing medical entity extraction from electronic health records as a single-step multi-label classification task by fine-tuning a transformer model pre-trained on a large EHR dataset. They showed that their model can achieve human-level quality for most frequent entities.
References:
* 1: Medical Named Entity Recognition from Un-labelled Medical Records based on Pre-trained Language Models and Domain Dictionary | Data Intelligence | MIT Press
* 2: BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding
* 3: Fine-tuning BERT for Medical Entity Extraction
* 4: Distantly supervised end-to-end medical entity extraction from electronic health records with human-level quality