ASCP-MLT 無料問題集「ASCP MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNICIAN - MLT(ASCP)」
Gram positive organisms resist decolorization by ethyl alcohol. The large crystal violet-iodine complex is not able to penetrate the peptidoglycan layer, and is trapped within the cell in gram-positive organisms.
Conversely, the outer membrane of gram-negative organisms is degraded and the thinner peptidoglycan layer of gram-negative cells is unable to retain the crystal violet-iodine complex and the color is lost.
What is the purpose of using ethyl alcohol or acetone in the gram stain procedure:
Conversely, the outer membrane of gram-negative organisms is degraded and the thinner peptidoglycan layer of gram-negative cells is unable to retain the crystal violet-iodine complex and the color is lost.
What is the purpose of using ethyl alcohol or acetone in the gram stain procedure:
正解：D
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The term affinity refers to the strength of attraction between a single antigenic determinant and a corresponding antigen binding site. The term avidity refers to the total strength of the attraction between an antibody and a multivalent antigen. The reaction between an IgM molecule (which has 10 antigen binding sites), and a multivalent antigen is therefore much stronger than that of an IgG antibody (which has only 2 antigen binding sites).
Avidity is best described by which of the following statements:
Avidity is best described by which of the following statements:
正解：D
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Though automated extraction machines have many benefits over manual methods the costs are high and generally require a high throughput of samples in order to justify the costs.
Automated extraction has many benefits over the traditional manual methods. The most important benefit is that the nucleic acid isolated is constantly consistent. There is a reduced amount of manipulation with dramatically decreases the chance of cross contamination. Also, automated extraction machines are considered moderate complexity and can be performed by a wider variety of laboratory professionals.
All of the following are considered benefits of automated isolation and extraction equipment EXCEPT:
Automated extraction has many benefits over the traditional manual methods. The most important benefit is that the nucleic acid isolated is constantly consistent. There is a reduced amount of manipulation with dramatically decreases the chance of cross contamination. Also, automated extraction machines are considered moderate complexity and can be performed by a wider variety of laboratory professionals.
All of the following are considered benefits of automated isolation and extraction equipment EXCEPT:
正解：D
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In excess triglycerides, the triglycerides reduce the amount of cholesterol in LDL particles producing small dense LDL molecules. Because of size and density, these molecules more easily enter damaged endothelium and vessel walls and are more easily incorporated as plaque is formed.
Which statement best describes small dense LDL particles that can occur in atherogenic dyslipidemia?
Which statement best describes small dense LDL particles that can occur in atherogenic dyslipidemia?
正解：C
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Antidiuretic hormone, or ADH, has the important role of conserving body water by reducing the loss of water in urine by changing the water permeability of the distal tubule and collecting duct. An increase in ADH causes a concentrated urine since the water is retained and absorbed through the permeable membrane. An decrease in ADH causes the collecting ducts to retain very little water, instead it is excreted as urine.
Chemistry
Which of the following action describes the MAJOR property of antidiuretic hormone?
Chemistry
Which of the following action describes the MAJOR property of antidiuretic hormone?
正解：B
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Overcentrifugation may cause either a false negative result (if too much agitation is required for resuspension), or a false positive, (if centrifuged clumps cannot be completely dispersed). High concentration of IgG paraprotein, and failure to adequately wash cells can leave unbound IgG which will neutralize antiglobulin reagent. Delay of addition of antiglobulin reagent may allow previously bound IgG antibody to dissociate from red cells.
Blood bank
Which of the following might cause a false positive indirect antiglobulin test:
Blood bank
Which of the following might cause a false positive indirect antiglobulin test:
正解：C
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A positive spot test shows agglutination of horse erythrocytes when added to patient serum previously absorbed with guinea pig kidney, but not when added to patient serum previously absorbed with beef erythrocyte stroma. The test is generally simple, sensitive, and specific, but false negative are common in young children with mononucleosis.
The most common rapid slide test (MONOSPOT©) for infectious mononucleosis employs:
The most common rapid slide test (MONOSPOT©) for infectious mononucleosis employs:
正解：B
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Beta-thalassemia major, also known as Cooley's anemia, has inherited two genes for beta thalassemia without a normal beta-chain gene. This disease is assoicated with a marked deficiency in beta chain production and in the production of normal Hb A. These patients exhibit increased amounts of iron due to the mutliple transfusions that keep them alive. There is also a striking increase in hemoglobin F and an elevation in hemoglobin A2.
Hematology
A 5-year-old African American child with hepato-splenomegaly and skeletal abnormalities has the following lab results:
WBC = 4,800/cu.mm
20 NRBC/100 WBC
RBC = 2.70 X 106
HGB = 6.2 g/dL
Many target cells
Marked hypochromasia, anisocytosis & poikilocytosis
Serum Iron = 200 µg/dL (elevated)
Sickle Solubility = negative
Hemoglobin F = elevated
What is the PROBABLE cause of these findings?
Hematology
A 5-year-old African American child with hepato-splenomegaly and skeletal abnormalities has the following lab results:
WBC = 4,800/cu.mm
20 NRBC/100 WBC
RBC = 2.70 X 106
HGB = 6.2 g/dL
Many target cells
Marked hypochromasia, anisocytosis & poikilocytosis
Serum Iron = 200 µg/dL (elevated)
Sickle Solubility = negative
Hemoglobin F = elevated
What is the PROBABLE cause of these findings?
正解：D
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In sickle cell anemia, rapid hemoglobin turnover may be present. HbA1C and other glycated hemoglobin assays are not valid in rapid hemoglobin turnover and in abnormal hemoglobin conditions. Fructosamine measurements can be used because of shorter half life of albumin.
HbA1C measurements are NOT ordinarily used to monitor long-term diabetic control in a diabetic with sickle cell anemia.
HbA1C measurements are NOT ordinarily used to monitor long-term diabetic control in a diabetic with sickle cell anemia.
正解：A
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If Kappa or Lambda is predominant and CD5 is co-expressed with CD19 (CD19/CD5 dual positive lymphocyte population), and CD23 is expressed, chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a probable diagnosis. CD19 is normally found on normal B cell populations and CD5 is normally found on mature T cell populations.
However, CD5 is present on B cells in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia or Mantle Cell Lymphoma, both abnormal B cell malignant processes.
CD23 expression is not consistent with Mantel cells as shown on the decision tree on the right.
A monoclonal B-cell population (Kappa or Lambda predominant) with expression of CD19, CD20, CD23, and co-expression of CD5 is consistent with which of the following?
However, CD5 is present on B cells in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia or Mantle Cell Lymphoma, both abnormal B cell malignant processes.
CD23 expression is not consistent with Mantel cells as shown on the decision tree on the right.
A monoclonal B-cell population (Kappa or Lambda predominant) with expression of CD19, CD20, CD23, and co-expression of CD5 is consistent with which of the following?
正解：C
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