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質問 # 74
You are evaluating a protocol capture file in Wireshark.
The following filter is applied:
wlan_radio.11ac.bandwidth - - 4
What kind of frames are displayed?
- A. Only frames supporting 4 spatial streams
- B. Only 40 MHz frames
- C. Only 80 MHz frames
- D. Only frames supporting 4 radio chains
正解：C
質問 # 75
Given: The graphic is taken from a spectrum analyzer.
What types of RF transmitters are illustrated?
- A. A 2.4 GHz cordless phone and an OpenAir FHSS system
- B. A Bluetooth headset and a narrowband RF jamming device
- C. A 20 MHz HT IEEE 802.11 system using channel 1 and a microwave oven
- D. An IEEE 802.11 HR/DSSS security camera on channel 6 and an RFID tag
正解：C
質問 # 76
What does the value of the Listen Interval field in an Association request frame indicate?
- A. How long a STA waits for an Ack before retransmitting the frame
- B. How long a STA performing active scanning will listen for Probe Responses before changing channels
- C. How often a STA in power save mode wakes up to listen to Beacon frames
- D. How often a STA will go off channel to look for other BSSs
正解：C
解説：
The value of the Listen Interval field in an Association Request frame indicates how often a STA in power save mode wakes up to listen to Beacon frames. The Listen Interval is expressed in units of Beacon Intervals (typically 100 TU or 102.4 ms). For example, if the Listen Interval is set to 10, it means that the STA will wake up every 10 Beacon Intervals (or about 1 second) to check for buffered frames at the AP. The Listen Interval is used by the AP to determine how long it can hold frames for a STA in power save mode before discarding them.
質問 # 77
You suspect an interfere may exist in a BSS that is experiencing sporadic problems. You want to identify and locate the device. The actual device identify is not known.
What tool should be used for this purpose?
- A. Cable tester
- B. Protocol analyzer
- C. Throughput tester
- D. Spectrum analyzer
正解：D
質問 # 78
You have been asked to recommend a protocol analysis solution that uses open source software and works with the Linux platform. It must provide decoding of 802.11ac frames and minimal support for reporting and statistics.
What solution would you recommend?
- A. Wi-Fi Analyzer Pro
- B. CommView for Wi-Fi
- C. OmniPeek
- D. Wireshark
正解：D
質問 # 79
An RTS frame should be acknowledged by which frame?
- A. Block Ack
- B. RTS-Ack
- C. Ack
- D. CTS
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
An RTS (Request to Send) frame should be acknowledged by a CTS (Clear to Send) frame. An RTS and CTS frame are types of control frames that are used to implement a virtual carrier sense mechanism called RTS/CTS. RTS/CTS is a technique that helps to avoid collisions and hidden node problems in wireless transmissions. When a STA (station) wants to send a data frame, it first sends an RTS frame to the intended receiver, indicating the duration of the transmission. The receiver then responds with a CTS frame, also indicating the duration of the transmission. The other STAs in the vicinity hear either the RTS or the CTS frame and update their NAV (Network Allocation Vector) timers accordingly, deferring their access to the medium until the transmission is over. The sender then sends the data frame, followed by an ACK (Acknowledgement) frame from the receiver. The other options are not correct, as they are not used to acknowledge an RTS frame. An ACK frame is used to acknowledge a data frame, not an RTS frame. An RTS-Ack frame does not exist, as there is no such type of control frame in 802.11. A Block Ack (BA) frame is used to acknowledge multiple data frames in a single frame, not an RTS frame. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide CWAP-404], Chapter 6: 802.11 Frame Exchanges, page 166-167
質問 # 80
The PHY layer provides framing by adding a header to create what type of data unit?
- A. PSDU
- B. MPDU
- C. MSDU
- D. PPDU
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
The PHY layer provides framing by adding a header to create a PPDU. A PPDU (PHY Protocol Data Unit) is the data unit that is transmitted or received over the wireless medium by the PHY layer. A PPDU consists of a PSDU (PHY Service Data Unit) and a PHY header, which contains information such as modulation, coding, and data rate. The PHY layer adds the PHY header to the PSDU to create a PPDU for transmission, or removes the PHY header from the PPDU to extract the PSDU for reception. The other options are not correct, as they are not created by adding a header at the PHY layer. An MPDU (MAC Protocol Data Unit) is created by adding a MAC header and FCS to an MSDU (MAC Service Data Unit) at the MAC layer. An MSDU is the data unit that is passed from the LLC sublayer to the MAC sublayer or vice versa. References: [Wireless Analysis Professional Study Guide CWAP-404], Chapter 4: 802.11 Physical Layer, page 97-98
質問 # 81
You require 802.11ac capture solution.
You want to capture using native operating system tools if possible.
What operating system has built-in ability to capture 802.11ac frames assuming it is running on the appropriate laptop hardware?
- A. Mac OS X
- B. Windows 7
- C. Windows 8.1
- D. Windows 10
正解：A
質問 # 82
Where would you look in a packet trace file to identify the configured Minimum Basic Rate (MBR) of a BSS?
- A. In the Minimum Basic Rate Element in a Beacon frame
- B. In the MBR Information Element in an Association Response frame
- C. In the MBR Action frame
- D. Supported Rates & Extended Supported Rates elements in a Beacon frame
正解：D
解説：
The configured Minimum Basic Rate (MBR) of a BSS can be identified by looking at the Supported Rates and Extended Supported Rates elements in a Beacon frame. A Beacon frame is a type of management frame that is transmitted by an AP to advertise its presence and capabilities to potential clients. A Beacon frame contains various information elements (IEs) that provide details about the BSS configuration and operation. The Supported Rates and Extended Supported Rates IEs list the data rates that are supported by the AP for data transmission. The MBR is the lowest data rate among these supported rates that is required for all clients to join and communicate with the BSS. The MBR is usually marked with a flag bit in these IEs to indicate its mandatory status. The other options are not correct, as they do not exist or do not indicate the MBR of a BSS.
質問 # 83
In an HT WLAN in which a delayed Block Ack policy is set up, what should result when an ACK frame is not received by the originator in response to a Basic BlockAckReq?
- A. The last frame within that block must be retransmitted by the originator.
- B. The BlockAckReq must be retransmitted by the originator.
- C. Nothing. No ACK is expected in response to a Basic BlockAckReq.
- D. All frames within that block must be retransmitted by the originator.
正解：B
質問 # 84
You are responsible for troubleshooting and analysis of the WLAN in your organization that supports more than 700 client STAs. Forty APs are deployed and they are all dual-band APs and are controller-based. You must troubleshoot the wired side in some scenarios using a protocol analyzer. Which one of the following problems would warrant wired-side analysis in most situations?
- A. WMM QoS issues
- B. High 802.11 CRC rates
- C. High 802.11 retry rates
- D. DHCP problems
正解：A
質問 # 85
The To DS bit is set to 0 and the From DS is set to 1.
What best describes this 802.11 frame?
- A. A frame being transmitted in a mesh BSS
- B. A frame being transmitted directly from one client STA to another
- C. A frame being transmitted from an AP to a client STA
- D. A frame being transmitted from a client STA to an AP
正解：C
質問 # 86
Which one of the statements regarding the Frame Control field in an 802.11 MAC header is true?
- A. The Frame Control field contains three sub-fields and eight one-bit flags
- B. Only Control frames have a Frame Control field
- C. The Frame Control field is used to communicate the duration value
- D. The Frame Control field is always set to 0
正解：D
解説：
This field is simply used to indicate which protocol version of 802.11 is being used by the frame.
This is always set to "0"
Reference: https://mrncciew.com/2014/09/27/cwap-mac-header-frame-control/
質問 # 87
Using a portable analyzer you perform a packet capture next to a client STA and you can see that the STA is associated to a BSS. You observe the STA sending packets to the AP and the AP sending packets to the STA.
Less than 2% of all packets are retransmissions. You move to capture packets by the AP and, while the retry rate is still less than 2%, you now only see unidirectional traffic from the AP to the client. How do you explain this behavior?
- A. The portable analyzer has a lower receive sensitivity than the AP and while it can't capture the packets from the client STA, the AP can receive them OK
- B. There is a transmit power mismatch between the client and the AP and while the client can hear the APs traffic, the AP cannot hear the client
- C. The portable analyzer is too close to the AP causing CCI, blinding the AP to the clients packets
- D. The STA is transmitting data using more spatial streams than the potable analyzer can support
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
Receive sensitivity is the minimum signal level that a receiver can detect and decode. Different devices may have different receive sensitivity levels depending on their hardware specifications and antenna configurations.
In this scenario, the portable analyzer has a lower receive sensitivity than the AP, meaning that it requires a stronger signal to capture the packets from the client STA. The AP, on the other hand, has a higher receive sensitivity and can receive the packets from the client STA even if they have a weaker signal. This explains why the portable analyzer can only see unidirectional traffic from the AP to the client when capturing near the AP5 References:
CWAP-403 Study Guide, Chapter 4: PHY Layer Analysis, page 121
CWAP-403 Objectives, Section 4.3: Analyze PHY layer metrics
質問 # 88
As it pertains to HT L-SIG TXOP Protection, what statement is true?
- A. L-SIG TXOP Protection is specified for the purpose of protecting OFDM (802.11a/g) and HT- OFDM (802.11n) transmissions from HR/DSSS stations.
- B. An L-SIG TXOP protected frame exchange sequence always begins with an RTS/CTS or a CTS- to-Self.
- C. Support for L-SIG TXOP Protection is indicated by HT stations in the L-SIG field of the PLCP header of HT-mixed format frames.
- D. Support for L-SIG TXOP Protection is indicated in the HT Capabilities Info field of (re)association request frames sent by ERP, OFDM, and HT-OFDM stations.
正解：B
質問 # 89
You have been asked to recommend a solution for protocol capture of 802.11 frames consisting of 3x3:3 802.11ac communications. The requirement specifies that you gain a general view of a coverage area and does not require that you capture from specific user locations. The solution must be the least expensive practical solution possible that does not disrupt user access to the WLAN and it must be based on enterprise WLAN hardware.
What solution would you recommend so that any coverage area could be monitored on demand?
- A. Install Wireshark on the Aps natively to allow dynamic capture while serving clients
- B. Install laptop-based protocol analyzer near each AP
- C. Install sufficient Aps so that an AP can be taken offline to perform protocol analysis as needed
- D. Install the minimum number of Aps required for coverage and use these Aps for protocol analysis as needed
正解：C
質問 # 90
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CWNP CWAP-404 認定試験の出題範囲：
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トップクラスCWNP CWAP-404オンライン問題集：https://www.jpntest.com/shiken/CWAP-404-mondaishu
無料CWNP CWAP-404試験問題と解答トレーニングを提供しています：https://drive.google.com/open?id=1FvDcmLkYjEJwRlfuaeUloVmM0OSuKXxX