最新のISTQB CTAL_TM_001試験問題解答がズラリ
CTAL_TM_001試験練習テスト問題（更新された232問あります)
質問 # 30
Which of the following Is considered a heavyweight risk-based testing technique'
- A. Hazard analysis
- B. Pragmatic risk analysts
- C. Systematic software testing
- D. Brainstorming
正解：A
解説：
Context Analysis:
Heavyweight risk-based techniques involve thorough, detailed analyses to identify and mitigate potential risks comprehensively.
Hazard analysis is a structured method to identify and address risks, commonly used in safety-critical domains.
Evaluation of Options:
A . Systematic software testing:
Incorrect. While methodical, it is not inherently a risk-based technique.
B . Pragmatic risk analysis:
Incorrect. This is a lightweight technique emphasizing practical application over detailed analysis.
C . Brainstorming:
Incorrect. While useful for generating ideas, it is not detailed enough to qualify as heavyweight.
D . Hazard analysis:
Correct. It is a formal and comprehensive approach, qualifying as a heavyweight technique.
Syllabus Alignment:
ISTQB highlights hazard analysis as a detailed, structured risk-based technique (TM-1.3.4).
Reference:
ISTQB Advanced Level Test Management Syllabus (TM-1.3.4)
質問 # 31
Your team has been assigned to lest a new product that is tightly integrated with existing systems The integrations include data transfers and transformations You have access to the architectural design documents and the integration specifications and some of your testers are former developers.
Given this information, what is the most appropriate test approach?
- A. Experience-based and black-box
- B. Model-based and white-box
- C. Requirements-based and functional
- D. Risk-based and non-functional
正解：B
解説：
* Context Analysis:
* The scenario involves tight integration, architectural design, and data transformations, requiring detailed and structured approaches.
* Access to architectural documents and experienced testers (former developers) aligns with model- based and white-box techniques.
* Evaluation of Options:
* A. Model-based and white-box:
* Correct. Model-based testing leverages design documents, while white-box testing uses internal knowledge for detailed integration testing.
* B. Experience-based and black-box:
* Incorrect. This is less structured and doesn't utilize available design documentation or tester expertise.
* C. Risk-based and non-functional:
* Incorrect. Risk-based testing focuses on high-priority areas but doesn't leverage the design documents for integration specifics.
* D. Requirements-based and functional:
* Incorrect. While functional testing is relevant, requirements-based testing does not utilize internal system knowledge effectively.
* Syllabus Alignment:
* ISTQB emphasizes model-based and white-box testing as appropriate for systems with complex integrations (TM-1.2.6).
References:
ISTQB Advanced Level Test Management Syllabus (TM-1.2.6)
質問 # 32
Which ONE of the following is considered to be the LEAST independent form of testing for an organisation? SELECT ONE OPTION
- A. Testing is performed by a tester who is part of the development team.
- B. Testing is performed by an organisation external to the company that has developed the code.
- C. Testing is performed by a tester who is part of an independent test team.
- D. Testing is performed by specialists from the business organisation.
正解：A
質問 # 33
Which of the following is required to apply an experience-based testing approach''
- A. Usage models
- B. Detailed requirements
- C. A full risk-assessment to support risk prioritization
- D. Tester knowledge of the system and its usage
正解：D
解説：
* Experience-Based Testing:
* This testing approach relies on the testers' knowledge, experience, and intuition about the system and its usage rather than formal requirements or models.
* It is often used when documentation is incomplete or time constraints limit more structured approaches.
* Evaluation of Options:
* A(Detailed requirements) andB(Usage models) are associated with structured testing techniques.
* Cis correct as experience-based testing depends on the testers' understanding of the system.
* D(Full risk assessment) supports risk-based testing, not experience-based testing.
References and Syllabus Alignment:
* Experience-based testing is detailed under "Test Techniques" (TM-1.4.1) in the ISTQB syllabus.
質問 # 34
Which of the following is least likely to be used as a technique to identify project and product risks? 1 credit
- A. Inspections
- B. Independent assessments
- C. Expert interviews
- D. Brainstorming
正解：A
解説：
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
質問 # 35
You have directed one of your testers to construct a "smoke test" to execute against new builds prior to starting formal testing. This is an example of which software development lifecycle activity?
[1]
- A. Software development and maintenance
- B. Change and configuration management
- C. Project management
- D. Technical support
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is C. Change and configuration management. This is because a smoke test is a type of test that checks the basic functionality and stability of a new build before proceeding to more detailed testing. A smoke test is an example of change and configuration management, which is the activity of controlling and tracking the changes made to the software and its configuration items throughout the software development lifecycle. References: Certified Tester Advanced Level Test Manager (CTAL-TM) - ISTQB not-for-profit association, ISTQB Test Manager Certification - ISTQB Exams Worldwide - ISTQB Official Registration, Managing the Test Team - ISTQB not-for-profit association
質問 # 36
In addition to risk, identify TWO other components of a testing strategy. 1 credit
- A. The test design techniques to be used
- B. The test schedule
- C. Test training needs for the project resources
- D. The entry and exit criteria for each test phase
- E. Test performance indicators
正解：A、D
解説：
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
質問 # 37
Your company specialises in the manufacture of luxury garden furniture to the UK market and it is starting a project that will deliver a major update to its payment processing component, addressing improvements to functional suitability and performance efficiency.
A decision has been made to transfer responsibility for functional system test procedure creation and execution to a software house, located offshore. System test analysis and design will be performed onshore, at the company's UK headquarters. As the senior test manager for your company, you want to employ another experienced test manager to oversee the daily operations of the software house to ensure that their work meets required quality standards and adheres to the agreed organisational test strategy and project test plan.
Which option presents the skills that are of MOST relevance for the new test manager role?
- A. Professional competence - ability to develop a test strategy. Social competence - ability to develop the skills of the third-party testers.
- B. Professional competence - knowledge of test implementation and execution. Methodological competence - application of black- and white-box test techniques.
- C. Professional competence - project management skills. Social competence - communication, conflict resolution and assertiveness.
- D. Professional competence - knowledge of performance test design and execution. Social competence - awareness of cultural differences and challenges.
正解：A
解説：
For a test manager overseeing an offshore team, having theprofessional competence to define a test strategy ensures the alignment with organizational goals and standards. Thesocial competence to develop skills of third-party testersis equally critical for quality assurance in outsourced environments. This includes mentoring, aligning objectives, and enabling continuous improvement of remote teams. These are explicitly discussed in ISTQB Advanced Test Manager responsibilities.
質問 # 38
You have been asked to make a recommendation on deployment readiness on the software your team has been testing. You have the following metrics:
Given this information what is a critical metric you are missing?
- A. Number of defects outstanding
- B. Residual risk
- C. Number of tests passed
- D. Planned vs actual cost of testing
正解：B
解説：
Context Analysis:
Deployment readiness depends on understanding the risk of releasing the software. The metrics provided include execution, design, defect counts, and coverage but do not quantify residual risk, which reflects remaining risks post-testing.
Evaluation of Options:
A . Number of tests passed:
Incorrect. While important, it doesn't directly provide insight into the remaining risk.
B . Number of defects outstanding:
Incorrect. Though critical, it's only one aspect of assessing readiness and doesn't provide the full picture of residual risk.
C . Residual risk:
Correct. Residual risk quantifies untested areas and unresolved issues, vital for decision-making.
D . Planned vs actual cost of testing:
Incorrect. While useful for process evaluation, it's not directly tied to deployment readiness.
Syllabus Alignment:
The syllabus emphasizes risk-based approaches, highlighting residual risk as a critical deployment readiness metric (TM-1.3.4).
Reference:
ISTQB Advanced Level Test Management Syllabus (TM-1.3.4)
質問 # 39
In addition to introducing the new team member, you have decided to raise motivation. Which of the measures listed below would be the best measure to take in order to increase the motivation of the team? 2 credits
- A. Introduce entry criteria to the testing phase
- B. Organize a meeting with senior management in which they address the importance of good testing for this project
- C. Allow people to take some time off
- D. Provide more time for testing in the schedule
正解：B
質問 # 40
Which testing metric identifies defect density? [1]
- A. Product
- B. Project
- C. People
- D. Process
正解：A
解説：
Defect density is a testing metric that measures the number of defects identified in a component or system divided by the size of the component or system (expressed in standard measurement terms, e.g., lines-of-code, number of classes or function points)1. Defect density is a product metric, as it evaluates the quality or reliability of a software product2. Therefore, option B is the correct answer. Option A is incorrect because project metrics are metrics that measure the characteristics of the software project, such as cost, schedule, effort, scope, or resources3. Option C is incorrect because process metrics are metrics that measure the characteristics of the software process, such as effectiveness, efficiency, productivity, or maturity. Option D is incorrect because people metrics are metrics that measure the characteristics of the software personnel, such as skills, experience, motivation, or satisfaction. Reference: 1: Defect Density | ISTQB Glossary 2: Software Testing Metrics: What is, Types & Example 3: [Project Metrics - Software Testing Fundamentals] : [Process Metrics - Software Testing Fundamentals] : [People Metrics - Software Testing Fundamentals]
質問 # 41
When scheduling performance testing, which of the following approaches would be most advisable? [1]
- A. Leveraging end users to do unit-level performance testing and automated tools for system-level performance testing
- B. Requiring all performance tests to pass before starting functional testing
- C. Starting the performance testing during unit and integration testing
- D. Deferring the start of performance testing until all functional defects have been resolved
正解：C
解説：
Performance testing is the process of determining the speed, responsiveness, and stability of a system under a given workload1. Performance testing should be started as early as possible in the software development lifecycle, preferably during unit and integration testing, to identify and resolve performance issues before they become costly or risky2. Starting performance testing early can also help to validate the performance requirements, design, and architecture of the system, as well as to optimize the performance testing strategy and scope3. Therefore, option A is the correct answer. Option B is incorrect because deferring the start of performance testing until all functional defects have been resolved can delay the detection and resolution of performance issues, increase the cost and effort of performance testing, and reduce the confidence and quality of the system4. Option C is incorrect because leveraging end users to do unit-level performance testing and automated tools for system-level performance testing can introduce inconsistency, bias, and inefficiency in the performance testing process, as well as compromise the reliability and validity of the performance test results. Option D is incorrect because requiring all performance tests to pass before starting functional testing can create unrealistic or unnecessary expectations, as well as hinder the progress and feedback of the functional testing activities. References: 1: ISTQB Glossary, Performance Testing 2: ISTQB Certified Tester - Performance Testing (CT-PT)3 3: ISTQB Performance Testing - TesterYou4 4: Performance Testing - ISTQB not-for-profit association : ISTQB - PERFORMANCE TESTING : Performance Testing - ISTQB not-for-profit association
質問 # 42
Which of the following organizational structures would be considered unorthodox? [1]
- A. DBAs confirm the referential integrity of the database and developers complete their unit testing before handing over to
- B. Developers and testers are integrated within the same project team, each role focusing on a different level of testing
- C. Developers within the same team unit test each others' code prior to handing over to a separate testing team for system testing
- D. After developers are done unit testing, business analysts alpha test the system before handing over to a separate testing team for system testing
正解：D
解説：
external organization for system testing
Explanation:
The unorthodox structure mentioned in option C involves business analysts performing alpha testing. Typically, alpha testing is conducted by internal staff or a team close to the development environment, not specifically by business analysts. This step is unusual as business analysts are generally responsible for requirements analysis and ensuring that the developed system meets business needs, rather than conducting alpha testing, which is more focused on identifying bugs and issues from a user's perspective.
Reference:
ISTQB Glossary, Distributed Testing
ISTQB Advanced Level Test Manager Syllabus, Section 3.2.1
Related literature on testing roles and responsibilities
質問 # 43
You are working with a development team who have a CI/CD pipeline implemented. They want to integrate your team's existing test automation into the pipeline to augment their unit tests so they will have continuous testing. They have already determined that this is technically possible with the tool you are using but with require some changes to the test automation framework to integrate the results reporting What will your team need to make this happen?
- A. A review to determine if this is the best tool to use for the integration with the CI/CD pipeline
- B. Training regarding how to make the framework modifications so the integration is possible
- C. Investigation that the tool will be fit for purpose
- D. investigation of the licensing models of the tool and an understanding of any potential costs
正解：C
解説：
* Context Analysis:The question involves integrating an existing test automation framework into a CI
/CD pipeline. The integration requires modifications to the framework and results reporting. This aligns with ISTQB Advanced Test Management concepts focusing on evaluating and adapting test tools for specific project needs (Syllabus reference: TM-1.6.1 and TM-1.6.4).
* Evaluation of Options:
* A. Investigation that the tool will be fit for purpose:
* Correct. Before integrating the framework, a thorough investigation is necessary to confirm whether the tool can support the required modificationsand functionality. This aligns with the emphasis on ensuring tools meet both current and future needs as per the ISTQB syllabus section TM-1.6.1.
* B. Training regarding how to make the framework modifications so the integration is possible:
* Incorrect. While training might be useful later, it is not the first step or the primary requirement to ensure the integration is feasible.
* C. A review to determine if this is the best tool to use for the integration with the CI/CD pipeline:
* Incorrect. This step might be relevant in an earlier phase of tool selection, but the question assumes the tool has already been chosen.
* D. Investigation of the licensing models of the tool and an understanding of any potential costs:
* Incorrect. Licensing investigation is part of tool selection and budgeting, not directly related to technical integration feasibility.
* Syllabus Alignment:The ISTQB Advanced Level Test Management syllabus emphasizes the importance of ensuring the selected tools and technologies align with organizational requirements and technical feasibility. This is outlined in the "Test Tools" section of the syllabus (TM-1.6.1, TM-1.6.4).
* Conclusion:The correct answer isA. Investigation that the tool will be fit for purpose, as this step ensures the technical requirements for integration are met before proceeding with modifications or training.
References:
ISTQB Advanced Level Test Management Syllabus (TM-1.6.1 and TM-1.6.4)
ISTQB CTAL-TM Sample Exam Questions
ISTQB CTAL-TM Sample Exam Answers
質問 # 44
You have investigated different possibilities and selected four of them to present to IT management. Which of the proposals will you most likely give your highest recommendations? 3 credits
- A. Internal offer from the development department of XYZ to create the regression package using CppUnit as test automation tool. One of the development groups have very good experiences in automating unit tests, and they are willing to do training as well.
- B. Solution from a tool vendor offering to educate two test team members in the use of their easyto- use test automation capture replay tool over the first 3 month and based on that build the regression test suite. In addition to Vicki, Steve is the only one that has time available to be educated.
- C. Outsourcing of test automation based on an offer from an Asian company, AsiaAutoTest, which has people who are specialists in system level capture-replay automation tools. They also offer training and besides they offer to run and maintain the regression tests in the future.
- D. Insourcing of test automation based on an offer from a local company ABC that has people who are specialists in system level capture-replay automation tools and they also do regular training courses in test automation methods and tools. They can then work closely with Vicki.
正解：D
解説：
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
質問 # 45
You are the manager of a test team. You inherited most of these people from a previous manager who promoted technical skills, particularly programming skills. As a result, your people are very strong in test automation skills, white box testing and complex test design techniques. You have just been told that you can hire five new people. You want the new people to complement the existing skill sets and you want to be sure the team will have a strong mutual respect.
Given the following options, who should you hire? [3]
- A. Hire college interns who can be trained by the existing people.
- B. Hire a mix of people with strong testing and domain skills.
- C. Hire all black box testers because you are severely lacking in that skill set.
- D. Hire customer support people who have experience with the customer interface.
正解：B
解説：
The best option to hire new people for your test team is to hire a mix of people with strong testing and domain skills. This means that the new people have both the technical knowledge and the business understanding to test the software system effectively and efficiently. Hiring a mix of people with strong testing and domain skills can complement the existing skill sets of your test team, as well as enhance the team's diversity, creativity, and collaboration. Hiring a mix of people with strong testing and domain skills can also help the team to achieve a balance between white box and black box testing, and to cover different aspects and perspectives of the software system. How to Build a Software Testing TeamHow to Hire a Software Tester Reference:
How to Build a Software Testing Team - Testim.io
How to Hire a Software Tester - The Ultimate Guide
質問 # 46
In what way is the operations team usually Involved In testing7
- A. To conduct user acceptance testing
- B. To conduct end-to-end transactional testing
- C. To conduct operational acceptance testing
- D. To conduct security testing
正解：C
解説：
Operations Team Role in Testing:
The operations team ensures that the system meets operational requirements such as deployment, maintenance, and disaster recovery, which are validated during Operational Acceptance Testing (OAT).
Evaluation of Options:
A is correct because OAT is typically conducted by the operations team.
B (User acceptance testing) is conducted by end-users, not the operations team.
C (Security testing) is typically handled by security experts.
D (End-to-end transactional testing) is a functional testing activity, not specific to the operations team.
Reference and Syllabus Alignment:
OAT is highlighted under "Acceptance Testing" in the ISTQB syllabus (TM-1.2.7)
質問 # 47
As part of the test strategy, entry and exit criteria will be defined for each test level. Which is NOT a valid reason for using entry and exit criteria? 1 credit
- A. Using entry and exit criteria will prevent software that is not or poorly tested from going to the next test level.
- B. Exit criteria are used to decide on when to stop testing.
- C. The expectation is that development testing is not adequate.
- D. Entry and exit criteria are a principal way for getting adequate resources.
正解：D
質問 # 48
Select THREE issues from the options provided that should at least be raised. 1 credit
- A. How will the implementation be organized?
- B. Do we have a set of tool requirements to validate the tool against?
- C. Has there been sufficient comparison of tools?
- D. What are the problems we are trying to address?
- E. How will the change process be managed?
- F. Which project will be selected to perform the tool pilot?
- G. Is customized training available?
正解：B、C、D
質問 # 49
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ISTQB CTAL_TM_001 認定試験の出題範囲：
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