有効なPSPO-IIIテスト解答Scrum PSPO-III試験PDF問題を試そう
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質問 # 14
What is the Product Owner accountable for in Sprint 0?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Finalizing project requirements in order to input into the Product Backlog.
- B. There is no such thing as Sprint 0.
- C. Plan the roadmap for the next 3 Sprints.
- D. Form Scrum Teams that are able to deliver on commitments.
正解：B
解説：
Scrum Guide
They are fixed length events of one month or less to create consistency. A new Sprint starts immediately after the conclusion of the previous Sprint.
質問 # 15
Which of the following is true about the cone of uncertainty?
(choose the best answer)
- A. It is used to identify the level of performance between individual team members.
- B. It helps a person identify gaps in his/her skills as a Product Owner.
- C. It helps to identify whether to adjust the quality, scope, or time, similar to the \Iron Triangle\ of development.
- D. It can help a Product Owner estimate how much work is likely to be done during a certain number of Sprints.
正解：D
解説：
Cone of uncertainty is not part of Scrum.
However, many techniques and tools can be employed by the Product Owner that might help when developing complex products
質問 # 16
Which of the following are true about a Product Backlog?
(choose the best three answers)
- A. It is managed by the Product Owner.
- B. It is ordered based on priority, value, dependencies, and risk.
- C. It is an inventory of work needed to be done for the Product.
- D. It is only available to the Product Owner and stakeholders.
- E. It is a fully formulated map of product requirements.
正解：A、B、C
解説：
Scrum Guide
The Product Backlog is an emergent, ordered list of what is needed to improve the product. It is the single source of work undertaken by the Scrum Team.
Product Backlog items that can be Done by the Scrum Team within one Sprint are deemed ready for selection in a Sprint Planning event. They usually acquire this degree of transparency after refining activities. Product Backlog refinement is the act of breaking down and further defining Product Backlog items into smaller more precise items. This is an ongoing activity to add details, such as a description, order, and size. Attributes often vary with the domain of work.
The Developers who will be doing the work are responsible for the sizing. The Product Owner may influence the Developers by helping them understand and select trade-offs.
質問 # 17
Which statement best describes the Sprint Review?
(choose the best answer)
- A. An opportunity for the Product Owner to evaluate the results of the Developers.
- B. A demonstration of functionality completed in the Sprint.
- C. An inspection of all of the work done in the Sprint by the Developers.
- D. An opportunity for the Scrum Team and stakeholders to inspect the Increment and collaborate on the next steps.
正解：D
解説：
Scrum Guide
The purpose of the Sprint Review is to inspect the outcome of the Sprint and determine future adaptations. The Scrum Team presents the results of their work to key stakeholders and progress toward the Product Goal is discussed.
質問 # 18
In the context of Scrum, which of the following are considered feedback loops?
(choose all that apply)
- A. Sprint Review
- B. Sprint Retrospective
- C. Daily Scrum
- D. Release planning
正解：A、B、C
解説：
Release planning is not an event in Scrum
質問 # 19
What are different techniques that can be used to form a product vision that will create a shared understanding of success?
Describe these practices and their purpose.
正解：
解説：
A Business Model Canvas is a technique that helps to visualize business models. An organization's business model can be described with 9 basic building blocks.
Product Box is also an appropriate technique to create the vision, share it with the Scrum Team and stakeholders.
This technique involves a number of stakeholders from across the organization, including users.
- It helps prioritize functionalities and requirements, and reach a consensus on the most important benefits and features offered
- Because it is a customer-oriented technique, it gives the team the opportunity to learn what the users want from the product
For this answer, observe that techniques and examples that go beyond the Scrum guide is described in order to sustain the answer, in case you have experience with specific techniques, use them.
質問 # 20
When does the Sprint Retrospective typically happen?
(choose the best answer)
- A. At the start of a new release.
- B. At the end of each Sprint.
- C. After the final Sprint.
- D. In the middle of each Sprint.
正解：B
解説：
Scrum Guide
The Sprint Retrospective concludes the Sprint. It is timeboxed to a maximum of three hours for a one-month Sprint. For shorter Sprints, the event is usually shorter.
質問 # 21
You are a Product Owner for an organization that develops and builds products for clients. A potential client insists on having a fixed-date, fixed-scope, fixed-budget project. How would you respond?
What is one advantage and one disadvantage of running projects that have a fixed date, scope, and budget?
正解：
解説：
Response for fixed-date, fixed-scope, and fixed-budget:
1. Learn and understand why the date, scope, and budget is fixed
2. Help the stakeholders understand that there are levels of uncertainty when working on complex adaptive problems. For example, the cone of uncertainty
3. When expectations are clear and everyone is on the same page, collaboratively come up with different options. For example, funding releases or Sprints in order to manage expectations One advantage of a fixed date, scope, and budget:
The date, scope, and budget constraints are known upfront
One disadvantage of a fixed date, scope, and budget:
Flexibility and agility is reduced and the risk of building something users don't want increases
For this answer, it is explored the differences between traditional and agile product development, observe that is important to describe advantages and disadvantages for the traditional format as it also can create value, and remember, there is no silver-bullet for a product development, neither traditional or agile, the main gain is that an agile approach support rapid adaptation and better team collaboration
質問 # 22
True or False: In a highly competitive market, it is acceptable to release work that is not fully done if the Product Owner wants to be first to market.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
正解：B
解説：
Scrum Guide
If a Product Backlog item does not meet the Definition of Done, it cannot be released or even presented at the Sprint Review. Instead, it returns to the Product Backlog for future consideration.
質問 # 23
True or False: A Scrum Team must have a Product Owner and Scrum Master.
- A. False. If a Product Owner is unavailable, he/she can be replaced by a Business Analyst.
- B. False. A Scrum Master is only necessary when requested or needed.
- C. True. Each must be a full-time member of the Scrum Team.
- D. True. Their participation and availability will impact the outcomes produced by the Scrum Team.
正解：D
解説：
Scrum Guide
The fundamental unit of Scrum is a small team of people, a Scrum Team. The Scrum Team consists of one Scrum Master, one Product Owner, and Developers. Within a Scrum Team, there are no sub-teams or hierarchies. It is a cohesive unit of professionals focused on one objective at a time, the Product Goal.
質問 # 24
True or False: The Product Owner is responsible for selecting enough work for the Sprint.
- A. False, it is the Scrum Master,s responsibility.
- B. False.
- C. False, the Project Manager is responsible for the capacity and workload.
- D. True, but only after confirming the Scrum Team,s capacity for the Sprint.
- E. True.
- F. True, as to what was committed to the stakeholders for the Sprint.
正解：B
解説：
Scrum Guide
Sprint Planning initiates the Sprint by laying out the work to be performed for the Sprint. This resulting plan is created by the collaborative work of the entire Scrum Team.
質問 # 25
Which of the following would NOT be discussed at the Sprint Retrospective?
(Choose two answers)
- A. The Definition of Done.
- B. The features delivered in the Sprint.
- C. Improvements to the working process.
- D. Sprint Backlog for the upcoming Sprint.
正解：B、D
解説：
Scrum Guide
The purpose of the Sprint Retrospective is to plan ways to increase quality and effectiveness.
The Scrum Team inspects how the last Sprint went with regards to individuals, interactions, processes, tools, and their Definition of Done. Inspected elements often vary with the domain of work. Assumptions that led them astray are identified and their origins explored. The Scrum Team discusses what went well during the Sprint, what problems it encountered, and how those problems were (or were not) solved.
The Scrum Team identifies the most helpful changes to improve its effectiveness. The most impactful improvements are addressed as soon as possible. They may even be added to the Sprint Backlog for the next Sprint.
質問 # 26
As Scrum Teams mature, what is expected to happen?
(choose the best answer)
- A. Team membership will change in order to promote knowledge sharing.
- B. Sprint Retrospectives will be less painful.
- C. The Sprint time-boxes will be shortened because the productivity is higher.
- D. The Scrum Master becomes optional.
- E. Their Definition of Done will expand to include more stringent criteria for higher quality.
正解：E
質問 # 27
As a Product Owner, why would it be important to have agility?
In what ways can a Product Owner influence agility?
正解：
解説：
As the value maximizer, the Product Owner is responsible for harnessing the change needed to give customers and the business a competitive advantage. When working on complex problems in complex environments, it is essential that the Product Owner is able to effectively adapt the product to maximize the value that the product delivers at any point in time.
Three examples of how a Product Owner can influence agility:
1. Releasing frequently in order to reduce the feedback loop length and obtain feedback earlier
2. Managing user and stakeholder expectations by working closely with them and the Scrum Team and ensuring the Product Backlog is transparent and updated with the most up-to-date insights
3. Being able to make rapid decisions to optimize the flow of value. For example, a Product Owner should have an expert opinion on all items in the Product Backlog so that he/she can make decisions quickly
For this answer, please use your own experience and understanding for this answer as there is no single answer for the importance of agility, however, observe to use the Scrum guide vocabulary as value, complex product work, describe the roles and mechanism of Scrum being an agile framework to drive agility.
質問 # 28
True or False: The accountabilities of a Product Owner are essentially the same as a traditional Project Manager.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
正解：B
解説：
The Product Owner is one person, not a committee.
The Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team.
The Product Owner does manage the team neither the project.
質問 # 29
As a Product Owner, what sources of information might be useful in helping you to consider the value of the product?
(choose all that apply)
- A. The CEO.
- B. The Director of Sales.
- C. The customers and users.
- D. Market and research reports.
- E. The Scrum Team members.
正解：A、B、C、D、E
解説：
Every role and topic listed could be helpful for the Product Owner to gain insights and obtain feedback
質問 # 30
Give two examples of a Scrum Master helping the Product Owner.
Give two examples of a Scrum Master hindering the Product Owner.
正解：
解説：
Scrum Master helps the Product Owner:
1) When the Product Owner is new to the role or transitioning from a traditional waterfall process, the Scrum Master helps the Product Owner understand the value of empiricism and moving his/her focus from the process and more towards the outcomes of the work being done. The Scrum Master works with the Product Owner to find the right tools that will help the Product Owner effectively measure the impact of the releases and how to base future decisions on the outcomes
2) The Scrum Master helps the Product Owner find ways of effectively managing the Product Backlog. For example, mapping items to identify dependencies between work items, just in time development to reduce waste Scrum Mater impeding the Product Owner:
1) Scrum Master dictating how the Product Owner should order the Product Backlog items rather than coaching and allowing the Product Owner to take ownership of the Product Backlog
2) Scrum Master not addressing conflicts between the Scrum Team members and Product Owner leads to division between team members. For example, arguments that result from people not actively listening or not trying to understand others perspectives
For this answer, you can use your own experience to described and also consult the Scrum guide to help you inspect how the Scrum Master might help or not the Product Owner.
質問 # 31
Which of the following best describes the Product Owner?
(choose the best answer)
- A. The Product Owner manages the tasks of Scrum Team members.
- B. The Product Owner is the proxy between the Developers and users.
- C. The Product Owner creates User Stories that the Developers can fully understand.
- D. The Product Owner maximizes the value of the work that the Scrum Team delivers.
正解：D
解説：
Scrum Guide
The Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team. How this is done may vary widely across organizations, Scrum Teams, and individuals.
質問 # 32
The Developers would like the Product Backlog items to have a higher level of detail before accepting them to the Sprint Backlog.
As a Product Owner, what would be your response?
正解：
解説：
As a Product owner, work with the Scrum Team to have a common understanding of the level of detail needed for an item to be deemed Ready for selection in the Sprint Planning. Enough detail so that the Developers can estimate and begin the work needed.
Involve the Scrum Team in Product Backlog refinement to help with making the PBIs ready
For this answer, team dynamics are explored and they are inspecting how you understand the interactions between Scrum Team members, the intention is that there is collaboration amongst Developers and Product Owner, a PO is not a team or project manager, but a value maximizer that needs to collaborate with users, team members, etc.
質問 # 33
A new person has joined the Scrum Team. He will be the Product Owner, however, he is new to the role.
What can he do to increase his knowledge and influence of the business to become an effective Product Owner?
正解：
解説：
Work closely with the Scrum Team and stakeholders to better understand the product and its history. Work with the Scrum Master to understand the accountabilities of a Product Owner, Scrum Master, and Developers, learn how Scrum works and what steps he can take to increase his influence on the product and in the business
For this answer, it is based on a real scenario, if you ever had such experience, describe it and observe that the wordings are important such as accountabilities, product, business, Scrum Team, etc.
質問 # 34
True or False: The Product Owner must be present at the Daily Scrum.
- A. True. He/She must remove any impediments.
- B. True. He/she participates as a Scrum Team member.
- C. False. Only the Developers are allowed to attend the Daily Scrum.
- D. False. He/She doesn,t need to be there.
正解：D
解説：
Scrum Guide
The Daily Scrum is a 15-minute event for the Developers of the Scrum Team. To reduce complexity, it is held at the same time and place every working day of the Sprint. If the Product Owner or Scrum Master are actively working on items in the Sprint Backlog, they participate as Developers.
質問 # 35
What is likely to happen if the Product Backlog is not sufficiently clear enough at the Sprint Planning?
(choose the best answer)
- A. The Product Owner compensates with a clear Sprint Goal.
- B. It will cause difficulties for the Scrum Team in creating a forecast of work for the Sprint.
- C. Nothing would happen.
- D. The Scrum Master has failed and should be replaced with a more experienced person.
正解：B
解説：
Scrum Guide
Product Backlog items that can be Done by the Scrum Team within one Sprint are deemed ready for selection in a Sprint Planning event. They usually acquire this degree of transparency after refining activities. Product Backlog refinement is the act of breaking down and further defining Product Backlog items into smaller more precise items. This is an ongoing activity to add details, such as a description, order, and size. Attributes often vary with the domain of work.
質問 # 36
As a Product Owner, which of the following might you do during a Sprint?
(choose the best three answers)
- A. Manage the Daily Scrum.
- B. Ensure the Sprint Backlog items are completed accordingly to the burndown chart.
- C. Support the Scrum Team if they have questions about items in the current Sprint.
- D. Provide feedback.
- E. Engage with the stakeholders.
- F. Assign tasks to Scrum Team members.
正解：C、D、E
質問 # 37
Which of the following can influence how items are ordered in the Product Backlog?
(choose all that apply)
- A. The value of Product Backlog items.
- B. External dependencies.
- C. Cost of delay.
- D. Cost to implement.
- E. Dependencies between Product Backlog items.
正解：A、B、C、D、E
解説：
Scrum Guide
The Product Backlog is an emergent, ordered list of what is needed to improve the product. It is the single source of work undertaken by the Scrum Team.
質問 # 38
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