[2024年03月07日] 702-100テストエンジンお試しセット、702-100問題集PDF
最新のLpi 702-100のPDFと問題集で（2024）無料試験問題解答
LPI 702-100試験では、パッケージ管理、ソフトウェアのインストールと更新、システム管理、トラブルシューティングなど、BSDシステム上のソフトウェアのインストールと管理に関連するさまざまなトピックをカバーしています。この試験は、BSDシステムを管理および維持するために必要な最も重要な概念とスキルに関する候補者の知識をテストするように設計されています。
質問 # 36
What file contains values for MIBs which are set during system startup? (Specify the full name of the file, including path.)
正解：
解説：
/etc/rc.conf
Explanation
The file /etc/rc.conf contains values for Management Information Bases (MIBs) which are set during system startup. This file is used to configure system-wide settings, including the enabling and disabling of services, network settings, and other startup configurations2.
References:
FreeBSD Handbook - The FreeBSD Booting Process
質問 # 37
When creating a symbolic link, an error message indicating that the target already exists is displayed. Which statement is true?
- A. In can not override an existing symbolic link.
- B. In can not override an existing target so the target must be manually removed
- C. In can override the target, whether it is a file or a directory.
- D. In can override the target, but only if it is a file.
- E. In can override the target, but only if it is a directory
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
A symbolic link, or symlink, is a special type of file that points to another file or directory on the file system1.
When creating a symbolic link with the ln command, the syntax is as follows:
ln -s target link
where target is the file or directory to link to, and link is the name of the symbolic link2. If the link name already exists, the ln command will fail and display an error message indicating that the target already exists3. This is because the ln command does not overwrite existing files or directories by default4. Therefore, the only way to create a symbolic link with the same name as an existing file or directory is to manually remove the existing target first, and then run the ln command again. Alternatively, the ln command can be used with the -f (force) option, which will remove the existing target and create the symbolic link in one step4.
However, this option is not mentioned in the question, so the correct answer is A.
References: 1: How to Create Symbolic Links in Linux [Complete Guide] - Linux Handbook 2: Ln Command in Linux (Create Symbolic Links) | Linuxize 3: How to Create and Use Symbolic Links (aka Symlinks) on Linux - How-To Geek 4: Symbolic Links in Unix/Linux - Stack Abuse
質問 # 38
How many /28 IPv4 subnets can be created within a /24 IPv4 prefix?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
- E. 4
正解：E
解説：
Explanation
A /24 IPv4 prefix provides 256 IP addresses, which is the number of addresses in one octet (2^8). A /28 subnet has 16 IP addresses (2^4). To calculate how many /28 subnets can fit into a /24 prefix, divide the total number of addresses in the /24 prefix by the number of addresses in a /28 subnet: 256 / 16 = 16. However, since each subnet has network and broadcast addresses that cannot be used for hosts, the actual number of usable subnets is less. In practice, you can create 16 subnets, each with 14 usable IP addresses for hosts.
References:
Subnet Cheat Sheet
IP Subnet Calculator
質問 # 39
Which of the following programs can be used to enumerate all responsive hosts on a subnet?
- A. netstat
- B. nmap
- C. route
- D. rtso1
- E. traceroute
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
Nmap is a program that can be used to enumerate all responsive hosts on a subnet. Nmap stands for Network Mapper, and it is a tool that can perform network discovery, port scanning, service detection, vulnerability assessment, and more. Nmap can send different types of packets to probe the hosts on a subnet and determine which ones are alive and what services they are running. Nmap can also perform OS fingerprinting, which can identify the operating system of the target hosts. Nmap has many options and features that can customize the scan according to the user's needs and preferences. The other programs are not suitable for enumerating all responsive hosts on a subnet, because:
A: traceroute: This program is used to trace the route of packets from the source host to the destination host. It can show the intermediate hops and the latency of each hop. However, it cannot show all the hosts on a subnet, only the ones that are on the path to the destination.
B: netstat: This program is used to display the status of network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, and more. It can show the local and remote addresses and ports of the active connections, but it cannot show all the hosts on a subnet, only the ones that are connected to the local host.
D: rtso1: This is not a valid program name, but it may be a typo for rtso, which is a program that can perform TCP SYN scanning. However, this program is not as versatile and powerful as nmap, and it can only scan TCP ports, not UDP or other protocols.
E: route: This program is used to manipulate the routing table, which is used to determine the next hop for a packet based on its destination address. It can show the destination, gateway, interface, and flags of each route, but it cannot show all the hosts on a subnet, only the ones that are reachable via a specific gateway. References: 6: https://nmap.org/book/man.html 7:
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=traceroute&sektion=8 :
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=netstat&sektion=1 :
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rtso&sektion=1 :
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=route&sektion=8
質問 # 40
Which FreeBSD command created the following output?
Id Refs Address Size Name
1 17 0xc0400000 2fad00 kernel
2 1 0xc0740000 595a4 acpi.ko
3 1 0xc49be000 6000 linprocfs.ko
4 1 0xc4al7000 16000 linux.ko
- A. kldstat
- B. modstat
- C. cat 1Km.conf
- D. procstat
- E. lsmod
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
The command that generates the output showing kernel module IDs, reference counts, addresses, sizes, and names iskldstatin FreeBSD. This command is used to display thestatus of loaded kernel modules, including those loaded dynamically. The output format shown in the question is characteristic ofkldstat, where it lists the kernel modules currently loaded into the system's memory along with their respective details.
References:
FreeBSD Handbook or Manual Pages (man pages), specifically the section on kernel modules and the kldstatcommand.
Linux Professional Institute BSD Specialist resources, which cover FreeBSD commands and utilities, including those for managing kernel modules.
質問 # 41
What subnet mask is used on network 192 168 32 0 in the following output?
Fxp0: flags=8843 <UP, BROADCAST, RUNNING, SIMPLEX, MULTICAST> mtu 1500 options=8 inet 192.168.50.162 netmask OxffffeOOO broadcast 192.168.63.255 ether 00:09:6B: 13:42:9f media: Ethernet autoselect (lOObaseTX <full-duplex>) status: active
- A. 255 255.224.0
- B. 0
- C. /25
- D. 1
- E. /28
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
The subnet mask 255.255.224.0 corresponds to the hexadecimal netmask 0xffffe000 shown in the output. This subnet mask indicates a subnet with 19 bits for the network portion and 13 bits for the host portion, allowing for a large number of hosts within the subnet.
References:
BSD Specialist Exam 702 Objectives - Linux Professional Institute
FreeBSD Handbook - Networking
質問 # 42
While in the csh or tcsh shell, which command changes the timezone environment variable to GMT?
- A. environ TZ GMT
- B. export TZ=GMT
- C. setenv TZ GMT
- D. env TZ=GMT
- E. TZ=GMT; export TZ
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The setenv command is used to set an environment variable in the csh or tcsh shell. The syntax is setenv VAR VALUE, where VAR is the name of the variable and VALUE is the value to assign to it. The TZ variable is used to specify the timezone for the shell and its subprocesses. To set the timezone to GMT (Greenwich Mean Time), the command is setenv TZ GMT. This will affect the output of commands like date and ls that display time information. The other options are either invalid syntax or belong to other shells, such as bash or sh.
References:
setenv - Linux setenv command help and examples1
TZ - FreeBSD Environment Variables2
質問 # 43
What symbol is used in the vi editor to start the forward search for a string? (Specify ONLY the single character symbol without any parameters)
正解：
解説：
/
Explanation
The symbol / is used in the vi editor to start the forward search for a string. It is followed by the string to be searched and then Enter to execute the search. The vi editor highlights the first occurrence of the string after the cursor position. To find the next occurrence of the string in the same direction, press n. To find the previous occurrence of the string in the opposite direction, press N. References:
How to Search to Find a Word in Vim or Vi Text Editor
How can I switch from forward to backward search in Vim?
How To Search in VI Editor
How to Search in Vim / Vi
質問 # 44
Which of the following lines stems from an ARP table?
- A. ? (192.168.122.1) at 52:54:00: a3:4e: 0e on em0
- B. 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.my.domain
- C. inet 192.168.122.11 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.122.255
- D. localhost link#2 UH lo0
- E. tcp4 0 0 192.168.122.11.22 192.168.122.1.38058 ESTABLISHED
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
This line stems from an ARP table because it shows the association between an IP address (192.168.122.1) and a MAC address (52:54:00: a3:4e: 0e) on a network interface (em0). ARP stands for Address Resolution Protocol, which is used to map IP addresses to MAC addresses on a local network. An ARP table is a list of these mappings that is maintained by each host on the network. The other lines are not from an ARP table, but from different sources, such as:
B: inet 192.168.122.11 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.122.255: This line is from the output of the ifconfig command, which displays the configuration of network interfaces. It shows the IP address, netmask, and broadcast address of the interface.
C: 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.my.domain: This line is from the /etc/hosts file, which is used to map hostnames to IP addresses. It shows that the loopback address (127.0.0.1) is associated with the hostname localhost and the fully qualified domain name localhost.my.domain.
D: tcp4 0 0 192.168.122.11.22 192.168.122.1.38058 ESTABLISHED: This line is from the output of the netstat command, which displays the status of network connections. It shows that there is an established TCP connection between the local host (192.168.122.11) on port 22 and the remote host (192.168.122.1) on port 38058.
E: localhost link#2 UH lo0: This line is from the output of the route command, which displays the routing table. It shows that the destination localhost is reachable via the link layer interface lo0, which is the loopback interface. The UH flags indicate that the route is up and uses a host-specific gateway. References: 1: https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/network-arp/ 2:
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ifconfig&sektion=8 3:
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hosts&sektion=5 4:
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=netstat&sektion=1 5:
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=route&sektion=8
質問 # 45
Given the following listing
-rw-r-r- 1root whee115254 Nov 13 08:55 bobsfile
How can the superuser grant the user bob write permission to this file?
- A. chperm 664 bobsfile
- B. chmod +x bobsfile
- C. chown bob:bob bobsfile
- D. vipw -u bob bobsfile
- E. chgrp bob bobsfile
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The command chown changes the ownership of a file or directory. The syntax is chown user:group file, where user is the new owner and group is the new group of the file. In this case, the superuser can grant the user bob write permission to the file by changing both the owner and the group of the file to bob. This way, bob will have the same permissions as the original owner, which is read and write. Alternatively, the superuser can also use the command chmod to change the permissions of the file without changing the ownership. For example, chmod g+w bobsfile will add write permission to the group, and chmod o+w bobsfile will add write permission to others. However, these commands will also affect other users who belong to the same group or are not the owner or the group of the file. References:
FreeBSD Handbook: File and Directory Ownership
FreeBSD Handbook: File and Directory Permissions
Linux Professional Institute BSD Specialist: 702.1 Filesystem and Devices
質問 # 46
When using the default TFTP server on a BSD system, which configuration file needs to be edited before the TFTP service will start?
- A. inetd.conf
- B. tftpd.conf
- C. service, conf
- D. rc.conf
- E. init.conf
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
The inetd.conf file is the configuration file that needs to be edited before the TFTP service will start on a BSD system. The inetd daemon handles the TFTP service and other network services, and its configuration file contains settings that determine howthese services are managed. To enable the TFTP service, the corresponding entry in inetd.conf must be uncommented and properly configured. References:
FreeBSD Handbook - inetd
Linux Professional Institute BSD Specialist Exam Objectives
質問 # 47
Which command sends the contents of the file myconfigfile by email to me@mycompany. com?
- A. mail [email protected] > cat myconfigfile
- B. mail [email protected] I cat myconfigfile
- C. cat myconfigfile I mail [email protected]
- D. mail myconfigfile -r [email protected]
- E. cat myconfigfile > [email protected]
正解：C
質問 # 48
Which of the following commands installs binary packages on OpenBSD?
- A. port add
- B. pkg_add
- C. pkgbin
- D. portinst
- E. pkg install
正解：B
質問 # 49
What directory holds the ports collection on FreeBSD? (Choose TWO correct answers.)
- A. /tmp/ports/
- B. /usr/ports/
- C. /usr/local/pkg/
- D. /ports/
- E. /var/db/packages/
正解：B、C
解説：
Explanation
The ports collection on FreeBSD is a package management system that allows users to install third-party software from source or binary packages. The ports collection is stored in the /usr/ports/ directory, which contains subdirectories for different categories of software, such as archivers, databases, editors, etc. Each subdirectory contains one or more ports, which are directories that contain the files needed to build and install the software. The /usr/ports/ directory can be updated with the portsnap command34 Binary packages are pre-compiled versions of the ports that can be installed with the pkg command. Binary packages are downloaded from the FreeBSD package repository,which is hosted at pkg.freebsd.org. The packages are installed in the /usr/local/ directory by default, and the information about the installed packages is stored in the /usr/local/pkg/ directory. The /usr/local/pkg/ directory contains files with the .db extension, which are SQLite databases that store the metadata of the packages. The pkg command can query and manipulate these databases56 References: 3: https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/ports/ 4:
https://www.freebsd.org/ports/ 5: https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/pkgng-intro/ 6:
https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pkg&sektion=8
質問 # 50
Which command can be used to display the local filesystems that are currently mounted'?
- A. mount -a
- B. cat /etc/fstab
- C. df -h C du -s
- D. rpcinfo
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The command df -h displays the disk space usage of all mounted filesystems in a human-readable format. It shows the size, used, available, and percentage of each filesystem, as well as the mount point. This command can be used to check the local filesystems that are currently mounted.
https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/24182/how-to-get-the-complete-and-exact-list-of-mounted-filesystems
https://www.tecmint.com/find-mounted-file-systems-in-linux/
https://itslinuxfoss.com/check-filesystem-mounted-linux/
質問 # 51
Which option of the crontab command opens the current user's crontab in an editor?
- A. -vi
- B. -i
- C. -w
- D. -e
- E. -rw
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
The -e option of the crontab command opens the current user's crontab in an editor. The editor used is determined by the environment variables VISUAL or EDITOR. If neither of these variables is set, the default editor is vi. The user can edit the crontab file to add, modify, or delete cron jobs, which are scheduled commands or scripts that run at a specified time or interval. The crontab file has the following format:
minute hour day-of-month month day-of-week command
Each field can be a number, a range, a list, or an asterisk (*), which means all possible values. The command can be any valid shell command or script. For example, the following crontab entry runs the backup.sh script every day at 2:30 AM:
30 2 * * * /home/user/backup.sh
To save and install the crontab file, the user needs to exit the editor. The crontab command will check the syntax of the file and report any errors. If the file is valid, it will be installed and the cron daemon will execute the cron jobs according to the schedule. References:
crontab(1) - Linux manual page
FreeBSD Handbook: 11.6. Scheduling Tasks
質問 # 52
Which file on a BSD system defines the printers which are available by the Ipr printing system'? (Specify the full name of the file including path)
正解：
解説：
/etc/printcap
Explanation
The /etc/printcap file on a BSD system defines the printers that are available by the Ipr printing system. The Ipr printing system is a BSD-compatible printing system that uses the lpd daemon to manage print jobs and spooling. The /etc/printcap file contains a series of entries, one for each printer, that specify the printer name, device, options, and filters. The format and syntax of the /etc/printcap file are described in the printcap(5) manual page. References:
About Printing on FreeBSD | The FreeBSD Forums
The BSD Printing Protocol (System Administration Guide, Volume 2) - Oracle Chapter 11. Printing | FreeBSD Documentation Portal
質問 # 53
Which command shows all processes owned by the user bob?
- A. top bob
- B. who -1 bob
- C. pgrep -u bob
- D. ps -o -a bob
- E. last -p bob
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
The pgrep command is used to find processes by various criteria, such as user name, group name, process ID, command name, etc. The -u option specifies the user name or user ID to match. Therefore, the command pgrep
-u bob will show all processes owned by the user bob. The output will be a list of process IDs, one per line. To show more information about the processes, such as command name, arguments, state, etc., the -l, -a, and -f options can be used. For example, the command pgrep -l -u bob will show the process ID and the command name for each process owned by bob. References:
pgrep - FreeBSD, the manual page for the pgrep command on FreeBSD.
How to use pgrep and pkill commands in Linux - Linuxize, a tutorial on how to use the pgrep and pkill commands in Linux.
質問 # 54
Which file defines the IP address of the default gateway on a FreeBSD system?
- A. /etc/resolvers
- B. /etc/network
- C. /etc/red
- D. /etc/gateway
- E. /etc/rc.conf
正解：E
解説：
Explanation
The file that defines the IP address of the default gateway on a FreeBSD system is /etc/rc.conf. This file contains various system configuration options, including network settings. To set the default gateway, the defaultrouter variable is used, followed by the IP address of the gateway. For example, defaultrouter="192.168.1.254". This setting will be persistent across reboots.
References
FreeBSD Set a Default Route / Gateway - nixCraft
Chapter 34. Advanced Networking | FreeBSD Documentation Portal
Static default gateway on FreeBSD 8.0 - Super User
質問 # 55
Assuming a umask of 022, what are the default permissions in octal mode of the newly created files?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 022
- E. 3
正解：B
解説：
Explanation
The umask command in BSD is used to set default permissions for files or directories the user creates1. The umask value is permissions to deny, taken off whatever permissions would be given by default2. The default permission values for files are 666 (rw-rw-rw-), meaning read and write for user, group, and others3. The umask value of 022 means that the permissions to deny are 022 (-w-w-), meaning write for group and others. To calculate the default permissions for newly created files, we need to subtractthe umask value from the default permission value, using bitwise AND operation4. For example:
666 - 022 = 644 rw-rw-rw- - -w-w- = rw-r-r-
Therefore, the default permissions for newly created files with a umask of 022 are 644 (rw-r-r-), meaning read and write for user, and read for group and others.
References: 1: Umask command in Linux with examples - GeeksforGeeks 2: Different permission between directory and file with 'umask' - Unix & Linux Stack Exchange 3: Default File Permissions (umask) - docs.oracle.com 4: What is Umask and How to Use It {Update Default Linux File Permissions} - phoenixNAP KB
質問 # 56
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LPI 702-100（Linux Professional Institute BSDのインストールおよびソフトウェア管理702）認定試験は、Linuxの専門家がBSDプラットフォームでのソフトウェアのインストールと管理をより深く理解するのに役立つ挑戦的で専門的な認定です。この認定を取得することにより、専門家はスキルセットを強化し、ハイテク業界でのキャリアの見通しを強化することができます。
LPI 702-100認定試験は、BSDのインストールとソフトウェア管理の専門知識を実証しようとしているITの専門家にとって貴重な認定です。試験に合格することで、候補者は自分のスキルと知識を検証し、キャリアを前進させるのに役立つ貴重な資格を獲得できます。
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