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準備CCST-Networking試験2025年最新のCCST無制限42問題
質問 # 16
Which command will display the following output?
- A. show mac-address-table
- B. show inventory
- C. show ip interface
- D. show cdp neighbor
正解：D
解説：
The command that will display the output provided, which includes capability codes, local interface details, device IDs, hold times, and platform port ID capabilities, is the show cdp neighbor command. This command is used in Cisco devices to display current information about neighboring devices detected by Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP), which includes details such as the interface through which the neighbor is connected, the type of device, and the port ID of the device1.
References :=
*Cisco - show cdp neighbors
The provided output is from the Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) neighbor table. The show cdp neighbor command displays information about directly connected Cisco devices, including Device ID, Local Interface, Holdtime, Capability, Platform, and Port ID.
*A. show mac-address-table: Displays the MAC address table on the switch.
*C. show inventory: Displays information about the hardware inventory of the device.
*D. show ip interface: Displays IP interface status and configuration.
Thus, the correct answer is B. show cdp neighbor.
References :=
*Cisco CDP Neighbor Command
*Understanding CDP
質問 # 17
Which protocol allows you to securely upload files to another computer on the internet?
- A. SFTP
- B. NTP
- C. ICMP
- D. HTTP
正解：A
解説：
SFTP, or Secure File Transfer Protocol, is a protocol that allows for secure file transfer capabilities between networked hosts. It is a secure extension of the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). SFTP encrypts both commands and data, preventing passwords and sensitive information from being transmitted openly over the network. It is typically used for secure file transfers over the internet and is built on the Secure Shell (SSH) protocol1.
References :=
*What Is SFTP? (Secure File Transfer Protocol)
*How to Use SFTP to Safely Transfer Files: A Step-by-Step Guide
*Secure File Transfers: Best Practices, Protocols And Tools
The Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) is a secure version of the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) that uses SSH (Secure Shell) to encrypt all commands and data. This ensures that sensitive information, such as usernames, passwords, and files being transferred, are securely transmitted over the network.
*ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is used for network diagnostics and is not designed for file transfer.
*NTP (Network Time Protocol) is used to synchronize clocks between computer systems and is not related to file transfer.
*HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) is used for transmitting web pages over the internet and does not inherently provide secure file transfer capabilities.
Thus, the correct protocol that allows secure uploading of files to another computer on the internet is SFTP.
References :=
*Cisco Learning Network
*SFTP Overview (Cisco)
質問 # 18
A user initiates a trouble ticket stating that an external web page is not loading. You determine that other resources both internal and external are still reachable.
Which command can you use to help locate where the issue is in the network path to the external web page?
- A. ping -t
- B. tracert
- C. nslookup
- D. ipconfig/all
正解：B
解説：
The tracert command is used to determine the route taken by packets across an IP network. When a user reports that an external web page is not loading, while other resources are accessible, it suggests there might be an issue at a certain point in the network path to the specific web page. The tracert command helps to diagnose where the breakdown occurs by displaying a list of routers that the packets pass through on their way to the destination. It can identify the network segment where the packets stop progressing, which is valuable for pinpointing where the connectivity issue lies. References := Cisco CCST Networking Certification FAQs - CISCONET Training Solutions, Command Prompt (CMD): 10 network-related commands you should know, Network Troubleshooting Commands Guide: Windows, Mac & Linux - Comparitech, How to Use the Traceroute and Ping Commands to Troubleshoot Network, Network Troubleshooting Techniques: Ping, Traceroute, PathPing.
*tracert Command: This command is used to determine the path packets take to reach a destination. It lists all the hops (routers) along the way and can help identify where the delay or failure occurs.
*ping -t: This command sends continuous ping requests and is useful for determining if a host is reachable but does not provide path information.
*ipconfig /all: This command displays all current TCP/IP network configuration values and can be used to verify network settings but not to trace a network path.
*nslookup: This command queries the DNS to obtain domain name or IP address mapping, useful for DNS issues but not for tracing network paths.
References:
*Microsoft tracert Command: tracert Command Guide
*Troubleshooting Network Issues with tracert: Network Troubleshooting Guide
質問 # 19
You plan to use a network firewall to protect computers at a small office.
For each statement about firewalls, select True or False.
Note: You will receive partial credit for each correct selection.
正解：
解説：
Explanation:
* A firewall can direct all web traffic to a specific IP address.
* True: Firewalls can be configured to perform Network Address Translation (NAT) and port forwarding, which can direct all web traffic (typically on port 80 and 443) to a specific internal IP address.
* A firewall can block traffic to specific ports on internal computers.
* True: Firewalls can be configured with access control lists (ACLs) or rules to block traffic to specific ports on internal computers, enhancing security by restricting unwanted or harmful traffic.
* A firewall can prevent specific apps from running on a computer.
* False: Firewalls typically control traffic flow and do not prevent specific applications from running on a computer. Application control is usually managed by endpoint security software or application control systems.
* Directing Web Traffic: Firewalls can manage traffic redirection using NAT and port forwarding rules to route web traffic to designated servers or devices within the network.
* Blocking Specific Ports: Firewalls can enforce security policies by blocking or allowing traffic based on port numbers, ensuring that only permitted traffic reaches internal systems.
* Application Control: While firewalls manage network traffic, preventing applications from running typically requires software specifically designed for endpoint protection and application management.
References:
* Understanding Firewalls: Firewall Capabilities
* Network Security Best Practices: Network Security Guide
質問 # 20
Move each protocol from the list on the left to its correct example on the right.
正解：
解説：
Explanation:
The correct matching of the protocols to their examples is as follows:
* DHCP: Assign the reserved IP address 10.10.10.200 to a web server at your company.
* DNS: Perform a query to translate companypro.net to an IP address.
* ICMP: Perform a ping to ensure that a server is responding to network connections.
Here's how each protocol corresponds to its example:
* DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)is used to assign IP addresses to devices on a network.
In this case, DHCP would be used to assign the reserved IP address 10.10.10.200 to a web server.
* DNS (Domain Name System)is used to translate domain names into IP addresses. Therefore, to translate companypro.net to an IP address, DNS would be utilized.
* ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)is used for sending error messages and operational
* information indicating success or failure when communicating with another IP address. An example of this is using the ping command to check if a server is responding to network connections.
These protocols are essential for the smooth operation of networks and the internet.
* Perform a query to translate companypro.net to an IP address.
* DNS (Domain Name System): DNS is used to resolve domain names to IP addresses.
* Assign the reserved IP address 10.10.10.200 to a web server at your company.
* DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): DHCP is used to assign IP addresses to devices on a network.
* Perform a ping to ensure that a server is responding to network connections.
* ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol): ICMP is used by network devices to send error messages and operational information, and it is the protocol used by the ping command.
* DNS (Domain Name System): DNS translates human-friendly domain names like "companypro.net" into IP addresses that computers use to identify each other on the network.
* DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol): DHCP automatically assigns IP addresses to devices on a network, ensuring that no two devices have the same IP address.
* ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol): ICMP is used for diagnostic or control purposes, and the ping command uses ICMP to test the reachability of a host on an IP network.
References:
* DNS Basics: What is DNS?
* DHCP Overview: What is DHCP?
* ICMP and Ping: Understanding ICMP
質問 # 21
What is the purpose of assigning an IP address to the management VLAN interface on a Layer 2 switch?
- A. To enable the switch to act as a default gateway for the attached devices
- B. To enable the switch to provide DHCP services to other switches in the network
- C. To enable the switch to resolve URLs for the attached the devices
- D. To enable access to the CLI on the switch through Telnet or SSH
正解：D
解説：
The primary purpose of assigning an IP address to the management VLAN interface on a Layer 2 switch is to facilitate remote management of the switch. By configuring an IP address on the management VLAN, network administrators can access the switch's Command Line Interface (CLI) remotely using protocols such as Telnet or Secure Shell (SSH). This allows for convenient configuration changes, monitoring, and troubleshooting without needing physical access to the switch1.
References :=
*Understanding the Management VLAN
*Cisco - VLAN Configuration Guide
*Remote Management of Switches
Assigning an IP address to the management VLAN interface (often the VLAN 1 interface by default) on a Layer 2 switch allows network administrators to remotely manage the switch using protocols such as Telnet or SSH. This IP address does not affect the switch's ability to route traffic between VLANs but provides a means to access and configure the switch through its Command Line Interface (CLI).
*A: The switch does not act as a default gateway; this is typically a function of a Layer 3 device like a router.
*B: The switch does not resolve URLs; this is typically a function of DNS servers.
*C: The switch can relay DHCP requests but does not typically provide DHCP services itself; this is usually done by a dedicated DHCP server or router.
Thus, the correct answer is D. To enable access to the CLI on the switch through Telnet or SSH.
References :=
*Cisco VLAN Management Overview
*Cisco Catalyst Switch Management
質問 # 22
Which information is included in the header of a UDP segment?
- A. IP addresses
- B. Port numbers
- C. MAC addresses
- D. Sequence numbers
正解：B
解説：
The header of a UDP (User Datagram Protocol) segment includesport numbers. Specifically, it contains the source port number and the destination port number, which are used to identify the sending and receiving applications. UDP headers do not include IP addresses or MAC addresses, as those are part of the IP and Ethernet frame headers, respectively.Additionally, UDP does not use sequence numbers, which are a feature of TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) for ensuring reliable delivery of data segments1.
References:=
* Segmentation Explained with TCP and UDP Header
* User Datagram Protocol (UDP) - GeeksforGeeks
* Which three fields are used in a UDP segment header
* UDP Header: The header of a UDP segment includes the following key fields:
* Source Port: The port number of the sending application.
* Destination Port: The port number of the receiving application.
* Length: The length of the UDP header and data.
* Checksum: Used for error-checking the header and data.
* IP Addresses: These are included in the IP header, not the UDP header.
* Sequence Numbers: These are part of the TCP header, not UDP.
* MAC Addresses: These are part of the Ethernet frame header and are not included in the UDP header.
References:
* RFC 768 - User Datagram Protocol: RFC 768
* Cisco Guide on UDP: Cisco UDP Guide
質問 # 23
A support technician examines the front panel of a Cisco switch and sees 4 Ethernet cables connected in the first four ports. Ports 1, 2, and 3 have a green LED. Port 4 has a blinking green light.
What is the state of the Port 4?
- A. Link is up and there is no activity.
- B. Link is up and active.
- C. Link is up with cable malfunctions.
- D. Link is up and not stable.
正解：B
解説：
On a Cisco switch, a port with a blinking green LED typically indicates that the port is up (active) and is currently transmitting or receiving data. This is a normal state indicating active traffic on the port.
*A. Link is up with cable malfunctions: Usually indicated by an amber or blinking amber light.
*B. Link is up and not stable: Not typically indicated by a green blinking light.
*D. Link is up and there is no activity: Would be indicated by a solid green light withoutblinking.
Thus, the correct answer is C. Link is up and active.
References :=
*Cisco Switch LED Indicators
*Cisco Ethernet Switch LED Patterns
質問 # 24
You want to store files that will be accessible by every user on your network.
Which endpoint device do you need?
- A. Server
- B. Switch
- C. Access point
- D. Hub
正解：A
解説：
To store files that will be accessible by every user on a network, you would need aserver. A server is a computer system that provides data to other computers. It can serve data to systems on a local network (LAN) or a wide network (WAN) over the internet.In this context, a file server would be set up to store and manage files, allowing users on the network to access them from their own devices1.
References:=
* What is a Server?
* Understanding Servers and Their Functions
A server is a computer designed to process requests and deliver data to other computers over a local network or the internet. In this case, to store files that will be accessible by every user on the network, a file server is the appropriate endpoint device. It provides a centralized location for storing and managing files, allowing users to access and share files easily.
* A. Access point: Provides wireless connectivity to a network.
* C. Hub: A basic networking device that connects multiple Ethernet devices together, making them act as a single network segment.
* D. Switch: A networking device that connects devices on a computer network by using packet switching to forward data to the destination device.
Thus, the correct answer is B. Server.
References:=
* File Server Overview (Cisco)
* Server Roles in Networking (Cisco)
質問 # 25
A Cisco switch is not accessible from the network. You need to view its running configuration.
Which out-of-band method can you use to access it?
- A. Console
- B. SNMP
- C. SSH
- D. Telnet
正解：A
解説：
Out-of-band management
When a Cisco switch is not accessible from the network, the recommended out-of-band method to access its running configuration is through theconsole port. Out-of-band management involves accessing the network device through a dedicated management channel that is not part of the data network.The console port provides direct access to the switch's Command Line Interface (CLI) without using the network, which is essential when the switch cannot be accessed remotely via the network12.
References:=
* Out-of-band (OOB) network interface configuration guidelines
* Out of band management configuration
If you have any more questions or need further assistance, feel free to ask!
質問 # 26
During the data encapsulation process, which OSI layer adds a header that contains MAC addressing information and a trailer used for error checking?
- A. Transport
- B. Network
- C. Data Link
- D. Session
正解：C
解説：
OSI model
During the data encapsulation process, theData Link layerof the OSI model is responsible for adding a header that contains MAC addressing information and a trailer used for error checking.The header typically includes the source and destination MAC addresses, while the trailer contains a Frame Check Sequence (FCS) which is used for error detection1.
The Data Link layer ensures that messages are delivered to the proper device on a LAN using hardware addresses and translates messages from the Network layer into bits for the Physical layer to transmit. It also controls how data is placed onto the medium and is received from the medium through the physical hardware.
References:=
* The OSI Model - The 7 Layers of Networking Explained in Plain English
* OSI Model - Network Direction
* Which layer adds both header and trailer to the data?
* What is OSI Model | 7 Layers Explained - GeeksforGeeks
質問 # 27
Move each protocol from the list on the left to the correct TCP/IP model layer on the right.
Note: You will receive partial credit for each correct match.
正解：
解説：
Explanation:
Here's how each protocol aligns with the correct TCP/IP model layer:
* TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): This protocol belongs to theTransportlayer, which is responsible for providing communication between applications on different hosts1.
* IP (Internet Protocol): IP is part of theInternetworklayer, which is tasked with routing packets across network boundaries to their destination1.
* FTP (File Transfer Protocol): FTP operates at theApplicationlayer, which supports application and end-user processes.It is used for transferring files over the network1.
* Ethernet: While not a protocol within the TCP/IP stack, Ethernet is associated with theNetwork Interfacelayer, which corresponds to the link layer of the TCP/IP model and is responsible for the physical transmission of data1.
The TCP/IP model layers are designed to work collaboratively to transmit data from one layer to another, with each layer having specific protocols that perform functions necessary for the data transmission process1.
* TCP:
* TCP Model Layer: Transport
* Explanation: The Transport layer is responsible for end-to-end communication and error handling. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) operates at this layer to provide reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of data.
* IP:
* TCP Model Layer: Internetwork
* Explanation: The Internetwork layer, also known as the Internet layer, is responsible for logical addressing and routing. IP (Internet Protocol) operates at this layer to route packets across networks.
* FTP:
* TCP Model Layer: Application
* Explanation: The Application layer provides network services to applications. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) operates at this layer to transfer files between computers over a network.
* Ethernet:
* TCP Model Layer: Network
* Explanation: The Network layer, also known as the Link layer in the TCP/IP model, is responsible for physical addressing and access to the physical medium. Ethernet operates at this layer to provide the physical and data link functions.
* Transport Layer: This layer is responsible for providing communication services directly to the application processes running on different hosts. TCP is a core protocol in this layer.
* Internetwork Layer: This layer is responsible for logical addressing, routing, and packet forwarding.
IP is the primary protocol for this layer.
* Application Layer: This layer interfaces directly with application processes and provides common network services. FTP is an example of a protocol operating in this layer.
* Network Layer: In the TCP/IP model, this layer includes both the data link and physical layers of the OSI model. Ethernet is a protocol used in this layer to define network standards and communication protocols at the data link and physical levels.
References:
* TCP/IP Model Overview: Cisco TCP/IP Model
* Understanding the TCP/IP Model: TCP/IP Layers
質問 # 28
Which standard contains the specifications for Wi-Fi networks?
- A. IEEE 802.3
- B. GSM
- C. LTE
- D. EIA/TIA 568A
- E. IEEE 802.11
正解：E
解説：
The IEEE 802.11 standard contains the specifications for Wi-Fi networks. It is a set of media access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications for implementing wireless local area network (WLAN) computer communication in various frequencies, including but not limited to 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz1.
This standard is maintained by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and is commonly referred to as Wi-Fi. The standard has evolved over time to include several amendments that improve speed, range, and reliability of wireless networks.
References :=
*The Most Common Wi-Fi Standards and Types, Explained
*802.11 Standards Explained: 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11b/g/n, 802.11a
*Wi-Fi Standards Explained - GeeksforGeeks
質問 # 29
Which two statements are true about the IPv4 address of the default gateway configured on a host? (Choose 2.) Note: You will receive partial credit for each correct selection.
- A. The default gateway is the IPv4 address of the router interface connected to the same local network as the host.
- B. The default gateway is the Loopback0 interface IPv4 address of the router connected to the same local network as the host.
- C. Hosts learn the default gateway IPv4 address through router advertisement messages.
- D. The same default gateway IPv4 address is configured on each host on the local network.
- E. The IPv4 address of the default gateway must be the first host address in the subnet.
正解：A、D
解説：
*Statement B: "The same default gateway IPv4 address is configured on each host on the local network." This is true because all hosts on the same local network (subnet) use the same default gateway IP address to send packets destined for other networks.
*Statement D: "The default gateway is the IPv4 address of the router interface connected to the same local network as the host." This is true because the default gateway is the IP address of the router's interface that is directly connected to the local network.
*Statement A: "The IPv4 address of the default gateway must be the first host address in the subnet." This is not necessarily true. The default gateway can be any address within the subnet range.
*Statement C: "The default gateway is the Loopback0 interface IPv4 address of the router connected to the same local network as the host." This is not true; the default gateway is the IP address of the router's physical or logical interface connected to the local network.
*Statement E: "Hosts learn the default gateway IPv4 address through router advertisement messages." This is generally true for IPv6 with Router Advertisement (RA) messages, but not typically how IPv4 hosts learn the default gateway address.
References:
*Cisco Default Gateway Configuration: Cisco Default Gateway
質問 # 30
A host is given the IP address 172.16.100.25 and the subnet mask 255.255.252.0.
What is the CIDR notation for this address?
- A. 172.16.100.25 /20
- B. 172.16.100.25 /22
- C. 172.16.100.25 /23
- D. 172.16.100.25 /21
正解：B
解説：
The CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) notation for the subnet mask 255.255.252.0 is /22. This notation indicates that the first 22 bits of the IP address are used for network identification, and the remaining bits are used for host addresses within the network1.
References :=
*Subnet Cheat Sheet - 24 Subnet Mask, 30, 26, 27, 29, and other IP Address CIDR Network References
*Subnet Mask to CIDR Notation: The given subnet mask is 255.255.252.0. To convert this to CIDR notation:
*Convert the subnet mask to binary: 11111111.11111111.11111100.00000000
*Count the number of consecutive 1s in the binary form: There are 22 ones.
*Therefore, the CIDR notation is /22.
References:
*Understanding Subnetting and CIDR: Cisco CIDR Guide
質問 # 31
Which command will display all the current operational settings configured on a Cisco router?
- A. show running-config
- B. show startup-config
- C. show protocols
- D. show version
正解：A
解説：
Router
Theshow running-configcommand is used on a Cisco router to display the current operational settings that are actively configured in the router's RAM. This command outputs all the configurations that are currently being executed by the router, which includes interface configurations, routing protocols, access lists, and other settings. Unlikeshow startup-config, which shows the saved configuration that the router will use on the next reboot,show running-configreflects the live, current configuration in use.
References:= The information is supported by multiple sources that detail the use of Cisco commands, particularly theshow running-configcommand as the standard for viewing the active configuration on a Cisco device123.
* show running-config: This command displays the current configuration running on the router. It includes all the operational settings and configurations applied to the router.
* show protocols: This command shows the status of configured protocols on the router but not the entire configuration.
* show startup-config: This command displays the configuration saved in NVRAM, which is used to initialize the router on startup, but not necessarily the current running configuration.
* show version: This command provides information about the router's software version, hardware components, and uptime but does not display the running configuration.
References:
* Cisco IOS Commands: Cisco IOS Commands
質問 # 32
Which address is included in the 192.168.200.0/24 network?
- A. 192.168.201.13
- B. 192.168.200.13
- C. 192.168.1.13
- D. 192.168.199.13
正解：B
解説：
*192.168.200.0/24 Network: This subnet includes all addresses from 192.168.200.0 to 192.168.200.255. The
/24 indicates a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0, which allows for 256 addresses.
*192.168.199.13: This address is in the 192.168.199.0/24 subnet, not the 192.168.200.0/24 subnet.
*192.168.200.13: This address is within the 192.168.200.0/24 subnet.
*192.168.201.13: This address is in the 192.168.201.0/24 subnet, not the 192.168.200.0/24 subnet.
*192.168.1.13: This address is in the 192.168.1.0/24 subnet, not the 192.168.200.0/24 subnet.
References:
*Subnetting Guide: Subnetting Basics
質問 # 33
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