[2024年07月]更新のIIBA ECBA試験練習テスト問題
更新された認定試験ECBA問題集で練習テスト問題
質問 # 27
Inputs to prepare for elicitation include:
- A. requirements and designs.
- B. information management approach and solution scope.
- C. future state description and risk analysis results.
- D. needs and stakeholder engagement approach.
正解：D
解説：
Stakeholder engagement approach
質問 # 28
What tool classifies stakeholders according to responsibility?
- A. Stakeholder Map
- B. RACI Matrix
- C. Personas
- D. Stakeholder List
正解：B
解説：
The RACI Matrix is a tool used in business analysis to classify stakeholders according to their responsibility in a project. RACI stands for Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, and Informed. Each letter represents a level of task responsibility. The RACI Matrix clarifies the roles and responsibilities of stakeholders in a project, ensuring that everyone knows what is expected of them. This helps in avoiding confusion and overlapping of duties among stakeholders.
質問 # 29
Which activity is a business analyst (BA) performing when ensuring that a set of requirements is developed with enough detail to be usable by a particular stakeholder?
- A. Verifying requirements
- B. Specifying requirements
- C. Validating requirements
- D. Eliciting requirements
正解：A
解説：
When a business analyst ensures that a set of requirements is developed with enough detail to be usable by a particular stakeholder, they are performing the activity of verifying requirements. Verification of requirements involves ensuring that the requirements or designs have been developed in enough detail, are internally consistent, and are of high quality. This process is crucial for making sure that the requirements are sufficiently detailed and clear for stakeholders who will be using them to guide further work, including development and implementation of the solution .
質問 # 30
What requirements are good candidates for reuse?
- A. Requirements with specific references to departments
- B. Requirements without direct ties to a particular tool
- C. Requirements at low levels of abstraction
- D. Requirements expressed in more detail
正解：B
解説：
Reference:
BABOK v.3.0 - IIBA (page 95)
質問 # 31
In the define design options task, which of the following relates to the identify improvement opportunities element?
- A. Assess issues, define risks, confirm elicitation results
- B. Define change strategy, analyze current state, prioritize requirements
- C. Increase efficiencies, identify additional capabilities, improve access to information
- D. Create flow diagrams, purchase solutions components, secure resources
正解：C
解説：
Identify Improvement OpportunitiesWhen proposing design options, a number of opportunities to improve the operation of the business may occur and are compared.Some common examples of opportunities include:
Increase Efficiencies: automate or simplify the work people perform by re-engineering or sharing processes, changing responsibilities, or outsourcing. Automation may also increase consistency of behaviour, reducing the likelihood of different stakeholders performing the same function in distinctly different fashions.
Improve Access to Information: provide greater amounts of information to staff who interface directly or indirectly with customers, thereby reducing the need for specialists.
Identify Additional Capabilities: highlight capabilities that have the potential to provide future value and can be supported by the solution. These capabilities may not necessarily be of immediate value to the organization (for example, a software application with features the organization anticipates using in the future).
質問 # 32
What is a logical data model used for?
- A. Abstracting a 'physical data model' to describe the physical organization of data and its relationships within a database.
- B. Abstracting a 'conceptual data model' to incorporate the rules of normalization to manage data integrity and relationships.
- C. Defining a solution independent view of how a business perceives its information without applying any constraints.
- D. Defining the logical rules that govern decisions in an organization and that define, constrain, or enable organizational operations.
正解：B
解説：
A logical data model is used to abstract a 'conceptual data model' by incorporating normalization rules to manage data integrity and relationships. It serves as an abstraction layer that defines the relationships between different data elements, entities, and attributes, focusing on the business concepts and rules that govern the data. This model helps in organizing data to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity, ensuring that the data structure is optimized for both business understanding and database design.
質問 # 33
Which of the following is an input to the prepare for elicitation task?
- A. Set up logistics
- B. Needs
- C. Potential value
- D. Elicitation activity plan
正解：C
質問 # 34
What tool is used by a business analyst (BA) for quality control when verifying requirements and designs?
- A. Checklists
- B. Estimation
- C. Interviews
- D. Benchmarking
正解：A
解説：
Checklists are a tool used by business analysts for quality control when verifying requirements and designs.
They help ensure that all necessary steps are followed, and all important aspects are considered. Checklists can capture any identified issues and are used to confirm that nothing crucial is missed during the verification process. This tool is particularly useful for specifying and modeling requirements, as it helps maintain the quality and completeness of the requirements documentation. References: The use of checklists for quality control in business analysis is discussed in the context of verification activities, which are essential throughout the project lifecycle to maintain the validity of requirements and designs1.
質問 # 35
Which technique would the business analyst (BA) consider to show the transformation of data?
- A. Flowchart
- B. Data modelling
- C. Sequence diagram
- D. Data flow diagram
正解：D
解説：
A data flow diagram illustrates the movement and transformation of data between externals (entities) and processes. The output from one external or process is the input to another. The data flow diagram also illustrates the temporary or permanent repositories (referred to as data stores or terminators) where data is stored within a system or an organization. The data defined should be described in a data dictionary.
質問 # 36
Requirements allocation is an element of which task?
- A. Define design options
- B. Define requirements architecture
- C. Verify requirements
- D. Specify and model requirements
正解：B
解説：
Requirements allocation is an element of the task "Define requirements architecture". This process involves organizing and structuring the requirements to effectively support the development and management of the solution. By defining the requirements architecture, business analysts can determine how best to allocate requirements across various solution components and releases, ensuring that each requirement is addressed in a manner that aligns with the overall solution design and strategy. This systematic approach to handling requirements helps in maximizing value delivery and achieving the project objectives efficiently.
質問 # 37
Which of the following techniques would a business analyst (BA) use to conduct elicitation?
- A. Prioritization
- B. Reviews
- C. Estimation
- D. Observation
正解：D
解説：
In the context of business analysis, elicitation is the practice of collecting information from stakeholders and other sources. Observation is a key elicitation technique where the business analyst (BA) actively watches how users interact with a system or how processes are carried out. This technique allows the BA to gather insights that might not be captured through direct inquiries, as people may not be aware of their own work habits or may not communicate them effectively. Observation can be particularly useful for identifying discrepancies between what people say they do and what they actually do, leading to a more accurate understanding of the current state and requirements.
質問 # 38
The requirements elicitation technique used to iteratively validate the needs of stakeholders that interact with the application is:
- A. observation.
- B. reverse engineering.
- C. interface analysis
- D. prototyping
正解：D
解説：
Prototyping is a requirements elicitation technique that involves creating a preliminary version of a system or product to validate and refine the stakeholders' needs. It is an iterative process that helps in discovering requirements by providing a tangible representation of the product that stakeholders can interact with. This interaction allows stakeholders to give immediate feedback, which is then used to refine the prototype in subsequent iterations. Prototyping is particularly useful when stakeholders find it difficult to articulate their needs or when the requirements are not well understood.
質問 # 39
Which input is used to prepare for elicitation?
- A. Activity plan
- B. Business analysis information
- C. Stakeholder engagement approach
- D. Change strategy
正解：C
質問 # 40
Which of the following is a basis to initially prioritize requirements?
- A. Business benefits
- B. Organizational policy
- C. Market demands
- D. Technological dependency
正解：A
解説：
In the context of Business Analysis, requirements should be initially prioritized based on the business benefits they are expected to deliver. This approach aligns with the principle of delivering the most value to the organization and ensuring that the most impactful requirements are addressed first. Prioritizing by business benefits helps in focusing on what is most important for achieving business objectives and delivering value to stakeholders.
質問 # 41
When can a change to requirements occur?
- A. Only after requirements have been approved
- B. Only after the solution has been designed
- C. At any time during the project lifecycle
- D. As soon as the testing process has begun
正解：C
解説：
Changes to requirements can occur at any point during the project lifecycle. This is because projects are dynamic, and various factors such as evolving stakeholder needs, market trends, technological advancements, or regulatory changes can necessitate modifications to the requirements. Business Analysts must be prepared to handle these changes effectively, ensuring that the project remains aligned with its objectives while accommodating necessary adjustments.
References: The dynamic nature of project requirements and the inevitability of changes are discussed in resources like "Managing Requirement Changes inBusiness Analysis" and "How do you handle changes to requirements as a Business Analyst" which explain the importance of being responsive and having strategies for managing requirement changes throughout the project lifecycle12.
質問 # 42
While assessing requirements changes, a business analyst (BA) will determine the formality of the assessment process based on:
- A. potential value.
- B. business analysis approach.
- C. change strategy.
- D. governance approach.
正解：D
解説：
Business analysts will determine the formality of the assessment process based on the information available, the apparent importance of the change, and the governance process. Many proposed changes may be withdrawn from consideration or declined before any formal approval is required. A predictive approach may indicate a more formal assessment of proposed changes.
質問 # 43
The approach that defines how requirements will be re-used is the:
- A. governance approach.
- B. information management approach.
- C. business analysis approach.
- D. approach to identifying business analysis improvements.
正解：B
解説：
The information management approach outlines the methods by which business analysis information, including requirements and models, will be stored, maintained, and accessed for future use. This approach ensures that the valuable insights gained from business analysis are not lost and can be effectively reused in subsequent projects or processes, thereby saving time and resources.
References: The concept of the information management approach is discussed in the context of business analysis and is detailed in the Business Analysis Body of Knowledge (BABOK) guide, which serves as a key reference for best practices in the field1.
質問 # 44
When planning business analysis information management, what are the factors that influence storage and access decisions?
- A. Business policies and methodology adopted
- B. Organizational standards and tool availability
- C. Business rules and change strategy
- D. Organizational values and procurement strategy
正解：B
解説：
Business analysis information can be stored in many ways. Storage decisions depend on many factors such as who must access the information, how often they need to access it, and what conditions must be present for access. Organizational standards and tool availability also influence storage and access decisions. The business analysis approach defines how various tools will be used on the initiative and how the information will be captured and stored within those tools. Tools may shape the selection of business analysis techniques, notations to be used, and the way that information is organized.
質問 # 45
Which techniques should be applied to prioritize requirements?
- A. Risk Analysis and Management
- B. Document Analysis and Vendor Assessment
- C. Decision Modelling and Estimation
- D. Interface Analysis and Interviews
正解：C
質問 # 46
Which cost is estimated based on the alternative results that might have been achieved if the resources devoted to one design option had been allocated to another design option?
- A. Purchase
- B. Implementation
- C. Maintenance
- D. Opportunity
正解：D
解説：
The concept of opportunity cost is fundamental in economics and decision-making processes, which also applies to business analysis. Opportunity cost refers to the benefits that are foregone by choosing one alternative over another. In the context of business analysis, when resources are allocated to one design option, the opportunity cost is the value of the best alternative that isnot chosen. This means that the opportunity cost is the cost of the next best alternative that could have been achieved with those resources.
References: The information aligns with the principles found in the Business Analysis Body of Knowledge (BABOK) Guide, which serves as a standard for the practice of business analysis and provides a framework for understanding the core knowledge areas, tasks, and techniques required for effective business analysis12.
質問 # 47
What type of requirements describes the needs of those participating in or impacted by business analysis activities?
- A. Stakeholder
- B. Solution
- C. Technical
- D. Business
正解：A
解説：
Stakeholder requirements describe the needs of those participating in or impacted by business analysis activities. These requirements focus on ensuring that the perspectives and needs of all stakeholders are considered and integrated into the solution. Stakeholder requirements are essential for understanding the context of the business needs and for defining the criteria for the success of the solution. References: The information is verified as per the Business Analysis Learning documents, specifically the BABOK Guide, which outlines the types of requirements including Business, Stakeholder, Solution, and Transition Requirements1.
質問 # 48
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