2025年最新のISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor-CN問題集の無料PDFゲットせよ！最近更新された問題
ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor-CN認定試験問題集には290練習テスト問題
質問 # 150
下列哪一種情況代表威脅？
- A. HackX 使用並分發盜版軟體
- B. 僅向組織的 IT 團隊成員提供資訊安全培訓
- C. 駭客透過破解密碼入侵了管理員帳戶
正解：C
解説：
A threat in information security is any circumstance or event with the potential to cause harm to an information system through unauthorized access, destruction, disclosure, modification of data, and/or denial of service. The situation where hackers compromise an administrator's account by cracking the password represents a direct threat to the security of the information system. References: = This explanation is based on general information security principles and the typical content covered in ISMS ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor training and certification programs. It aligns with the knowledge expected of a professional with an ISO/IEC
27001 Lead Auditor certification
質問 # 151
選出最能完成句子的單字：
正解：
解説：
Explanation:
"In a third-party audit an observation can indicate conformity at organisation is not required to take action." According to the PECB Candidate Handbook1, an observation is "a statement of fact made during an audit and substantiated by objective evidence". An observation can indicate conformity or nonconformity, but it does not require any corrective action from the audited organisation. A recommendation, on the other hand, is
"a suggestion for improvement based on an observation". A recommendation may or may not be accepted by the audited organisation.
According to the Fundamentals - Third parties2, a third-party audit is "an audit conducted by an external organisation that has the legal right to audit an organisation's processes and procedures". A third-party audit can result in a finding, which is "a conclusion reached by the auditor based on the audit evidence collected".
A finding can be positive or negative, depending on whether the audited organisation meets the audit criteria or not. A nonconformity is "a finding that indicates the non-fulfilment of a requirement". A nonconformity requires corrective action from the audited organisation to prevent recurrence.
質問 # 152
下列哪一項是組織環境的定義？
- A. 對可能影響組織實現其目標的願望的內部和外部問題的控制
- B. 可能影響組織制定和實現其目標的方法的內部和外部問題的組合
- C. 可能影響組織制定和實現其目標的方法的內部和外部問題的複雜性
- D. 協調可能對組織的成功產生正面或負面影響的內部和外部問題
正解：B
解説：
The context of the organisation is the business environment in which the organisation operates and defines its information security management system (ISMS). It includes the internal and external factors and conditions that can influence the organisation's information security objectives, strategies, and policies. The context of the organisation helps the organisation to identify the scope, boundaries, and requirements of the ISMS, as well as the interested parties and their expectations. The context of the organisation is determined by considering both internal and external issues, such as the organisational structure, culture, values, mission, vision, objectives, strategies, resources, capabilities, processes, activities, products, services, markets, customers, competitors, suppliers, partners, regulators, laws, regulations, standards, guidelines, best practices, risks, opportunities, threats, vulnerabilities, etc. References: ISO 27001:2022 Clause 4 Context of the organization, ISO 27001 Requirement 4.1 - Understanding the Context of the Organisation, ISO 27001 context of the organization - How to define it - Advisera
質問 # 153
在第三方認證審核的背景下，哪兩個選項規定了審核組長在管理審核和審核小組的管理職責？
- A. 審核高階管理人員
- B. 頒發管理體系證書
- C. 與受審核方建立聯繫
- D. 採訪 ISMS 經理
- E. 採用風險為本的方法來規劃審核
- F. 準備審核不合格報告
正解：C、E
解説：
In the context of a third-party certification audit, the management responsibilities of the audit team leader in managing the audit and the audit team include adopting a risk-based approach to planning the audit and establishing contact with the auditee. A risk-based approach to planning the audit means that the team leader should consider the risks and opportunities that may affect the achievement of the audit objectives, the scope and criteria, the audit methods and techniques, the allocation of resources and the assignment of tasks to the audit team members. Establishing contact with the auditee means that the team leader should communicate with the auditee before, during and after the audit, to confirm the audit arrangements, to obtain relevant information, to address any issues or concerns, to provide feedback and to report the audit results and conclusions. References: = ISO 19011:2022, clauses 6.4.1 and 6.4.2; PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, pages 24 and 25.
質問 # 154
審核員能力是知識和技能的結合。下列哪兩項活動主要與「知識」相關？
- A. 設計清單
- B. 遵循偏離準備清單的審核追蹤
- C. 決定如何向受審核方尋求證據
- D. 與受審核方溝通
- E. 了解如何辨識發現結果
- F. 決定要收集哪些證據
正解：A、F
解説：
Knowledge is the understanding of facts, concepts, principles, theories and practices related to a specific subject or discipline. Skills are the ability to apply knowledge and use know-how to complete tasks and solve problems. According to ISO 19011:2018, the knowledge and skills of an auditor include the following:
* Knowledge of audit principles, procedures and methods
* Knowledge of management system standards and reference documents
* Knowledge of the organization's context, scope, processes and objectives
* Knowledge of relevant legal, regulatory and contractual requirements
* Knowledge of applicable industry, sector or technical disciplines
* Knowledge of risk management and risk-based thinking
* Skill in collecting and verifying information
* Skill in evaluating conformity and effectiveness of management systems
* Skill in reporting and communicating audit results
* Skill in managing audit activities and teams
Based on this, the activities that are predominately related to knowledge are designing a checklist and determining what evidence to gather, as they require the auditor to understand the audit criteria, scope, objectives and methods, as well as the organization's context, processes and risks. The other activities are more related to skills, as they involve applying knowledge and using know-how to perform tasks and solve problems during the audit.
References:
* ISO 19011:2018, Guidelines for auditing management systems, clauses 7.2.1, 7.2.2 and 7.2.3
* PECB Candidate Handbook - ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, pages 9-10 and 16-17
* ISO 9001 Auditing Practices Group Guidance on: Auditing Competence, pages 2-3 and 8
質問 # 155
審核方法可以與代表受審核方的個人互動，也可以不互動。下列哪兩種方法具有互動性？
- A. 抽樣（例如產品）
- B. 與受審核方一起檢討清單
- C. 檢查地方當局的法律合規性
- D. 分析審核前提供的文件
- E. 進行採訪
- F. 透過即時視訊串流觀察執行的工作
正解：B、E
解説：
According to the PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, audit methods can be classified into two categories: with or without interaction with individuals representing the auditee (page 12).
Audit methods with interaction include reviewing checklists with auditee and conducting interviews, as they involve direct communication and feedback from the auditee. Audit methods without interaction include sampling (e.g. products), observing work performed via live video streaming, checking legal compliance with local authorities, and analysing documents provided in advance of the audit, as they do not require any dialogue or exchange with the auditee. References: PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor, page 12.
質問 # 156
選出最能完成句子的單字：
正解：
解説：
Explanation:
A third-party audit is an independent assessment of an organisation's management system by an external auditor, who is not affiliated with the organisation or its customers. The auditor verifies that the management system meets the requirements of a specific standard, such as ISO 27001, and evaluates its effectiveness and performance. The auditor also identifies any strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, or risks of the management system, and provides recommendations for improvement. The purpose of a third-party audit is to provide an objective and impartial evaluation of the organisation's management system, and to inform a certification decision by a certification body. A certification body is an organisation that grants a certificate of conformity to the organisation, after reviewing the audit report and evidence, and confirming that the management system meets the certification criteria. A certification decision is the outcome of the certification process, which can be positive (granting, maintaining, renewing, or expanding the scope of certification) or negative (suspending, withdrawing, or reducing the scope of certification). References:
* PECB Candidate Handbook ISO 27001 Lead Auditor, pages 19-25
* ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems
* The ISO 27001 audit process | ISMS.online
質問 # 157
您詢問 IT 經理，為什麼組織仍在使用行動應用程序，而個人資料加密和假名化測試卻失敗了。此外，服務經理是否有權批准測試。
IT經理解釋說，根據軟體安全管理程序，測試結果應由他批准。加密和假名功能失敗的原因是這些功能嚴重降低了系統和服務效能。需要額外 150% 的資源來滿足這一點。服務經理同意存取控制足夠好並且可以接受。這就是服務經理簽署批准書的原因。
您正在準備審計結果。選擇正確的選項。
- A. 不存在不合格項 (NC)。服務經理做出了繼續提供服務的正確決定。
（與第 8.1 條相關，控制措施 A.8.30） - B. 存在不合格項 (NC)。組織和開發人員不執行驗收測試。
（與第 8.1 條相關，控制措施 A.8.29） - C. 存在不合格項 (NC)。組織和開發人員執行的安全測試失敗。
（與第 8.1 條相關，控制措施 A.8.29） - D. 存在不合格項 (NC)。服務管理員不遵守軟體安全管理程序。 （與第 8.1 條相關，控制措施 A.8.30）
正解：D
解説：
According to ISO 27001:2022 Annex A Control 8.30, the organisation shall ensure that externally provided processes, products or services that are relevant to the information security management system are controlled. This includes developing and entering into licensing agreements that cover code ownership and intellectual property rights, and implementing appropriate contractual requirements related to secure design and coding in accordance with Annex A 8.25 and 8.2912 In this case, the organisation and the developer have performed security tests that failed, which indicates that the secure design and coding requirements of Annex A 8.29 were not met. The IT Manager explains that the encryption and pseudonymisation functions failed because they slowed down the system and service performance, and that an extra 150% of resources are needed to cover this. However, this does not justify the acceptance of the test results by the Service Manager, who is not authorised to approve the test according to the software security management procedure. The Service Manager should have consulted with the IT Manager, who is the owner of the process, and followed the procedure for handling nonconformities and corrective actions. The Service Manager's decision to continue the service based on access control alone exposes the organisation to the risk of compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of personal data processed by the mobile app. Therefore, there is a nonconformity (NC) with clause 8.1, control A.8.30.
References:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) Course by CQI and IRCA Certified Training 1 2: ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Training Course by PECB 2
質問 # 158
AppFolk 是一家軟體開發公司，正在尋求 ISO/IEC 27001 認證。都包括在內。這是可以接受的嗎？
- A. 是的，審核和 ISMS 範圍不一定需要相同
- B. 不，審核範圍應反映 ISMS 涵蓋的組織的所有部門
- C. 不，對被審核方所在工業部門不重要的部門可以排除在審核範圍之外
正解：B
解説：
No, the audit scope should reflect all of the organization's divisions that are covered by the ISMS. If the ISMS scope stated that it includes the whole company, the audit scope should align with this unless specifically justified and agreed upon by all stakeholders.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2013, Clause 4.3 (Determining the scope of the information security management system)
質問 # 159
您是一位經驗豐富的 ISMS 審核團隊負責人，負責對專門從事機密文件和可移動媒體安全處置的組織進行第三方認證審核。文件和媒體都被軍用級設備粉碎，因此無法重建原始文件。
審核進展順利，距離末次會議還有 30 分鐘，您正要開始撰寫審核報告。此時，組織的一名員工敲響了您的門，詢問是否可以與您交談。他們告訴您，當事情變得繁忙時，她的經理會告訴她使用較低等級的工業碎紙機，因為該組織擁有更多此類碎紙機並且運行速度更快。受審核方沒有告知您這些機器的存在或使用情況。
選擇三個選項來決定您應如何回應此訊息。
- A. 與受審核方核實在某些情況下是否使用了較低等級的機器
- B. 根據已發現的其他信息，考慮是否需要在 4 週內進行後續審核
- C. 向管理審核計劃的個人建議您在認證之前進行進一步審核的任何建議
- D. 由於組織尚未公開其流程，因此提出不符合 8.1 營運規劃與控制的要求
- E. 延長認證審核持續時間，以騰出更多時間來審核較低等級機器的使用情況
- F. 什麼都不做。所有審核均基於樣本，您採集的樣本不包括較低等級機器的計劃審查
- G. 取消審核報告的製作，轉而審查組織與其客戶的合同，以確定他們是否允許使用較低等級的機器
正解：A、B、C
解説：
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022 clause 8.1, the organization must plan, implement and control the processes needed to meet the information security requirements, and to implement the actions determined in clause 6.1. The organization must also ensure that the outsourced processes are controlled or influenced.
According to control A.5.24, the organization must establish and maintain an information security incident management process that includes reporting information security events and weaknesses. Therefore, the use of lower grade machines for the secure disposal of confidential documents and media could pose a significant information security risk and a potential breach of contract with the clients. The auditor should respond to this information by:
* A. Advising the individual managing the audit programme of any recommendation by you to conduct a further audit prior to certification. This is in accordance with ISO/IEC 27006:2022 clause 7.4.3, which states that the audit team leader shall report to the certification body any situation that may significantly affect the audit conclusions or the certification decision, and propose any necessary changes to the audit plan.
* C. Considering the need for a subsequent audit within 4 weeks based on the additional information that has come to light. This is in accordance with ISO/IEC 27006:2022 clause 7.5.2, which states that the audit team leader shall review the audit findings and any other appropriate information collected during the audit to determine the audit conclusions, and to identify any need for a subsequent audit.
* G. Verifying with the auditee that lower grade machines are used in certain circumstances. This is in accordance with ISO/IEC 27006:2022 clause 7.4.2, which states that the audit team leader shall ensure that the audit is conducted in accordance with the audit plan, and that any changes to the plan are agreed upon and documented.
The other options are not appropriate responses, as they either ignore the information, exceed the scope of the audit, or prematurely raise a nonconformity without sufficient evidence. For example:
* B. Cancelling the production of the audit report and instead reviewing the organization's contracts with its clients to determine whether they have permitted the use of lower grade machines. This is not a suitable response, as it would delay the audit process and the certification decision, and it would involve reviewing documents that are outside the scope of the ISMS audit. The auditor should focus on verifying the information security risk assessment and treatment process, and the information security incident management process, as they relate to the use of lower grade machines.
* D. Doing nothing. All audits are based on a sample and the sample you took did not include a planned review of the lower grade machines. This is not a suitable response, as it would disregard a significant information security risk and a potential nonconformity that could affect the audit conclusions and the certification decision. The auditor should follow up on the information provided by the employee and verify its validity and impact.
* E. Extending the certification audit duration to create additional time to audit the use of the lower grade machines. This is not a suitable response, as it would disrupt the audit schedule and the availability of the audit team and the auditee. The auditor should report the situation to the certification body and propose any necessary changes to the audit plan, such as conducting a subsequent audit.
* F. Raising a nonconformity against 8.1 Operational Planning and Control as the organization has not been open about its processes. This is not a suitable response, as it would be based on a single source of information that has not been verified or corroborated. The auditor should collect sufficient and appropriate audit evidence to support any nonconformity, and should also consider the root cause and the severity of the nonconformity.
References:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clauses 8.1 and Annex A control A.5.24
* ISO/IEC 27006:2022, clauses 7.4.2, 7.4.3, and 7.5.2
* [PECB Candidate Handbook ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor], pages 18-19, 23-24
* A Step-by-Step Guide to Conducting an ISO 27001 Internal Audit
* ISO 27001 - Annex A.16: Information Security Incident Management
質問 # 160
場景3：NightCore是一家總部位於美國的跨國科技公司，專注於電子商務、雲端運算、數位串流媒體和人工智慧。在實施資訊安全管理系統 (ISMS) 8 個多月後，他們聘請了認證機構進行第三方審核，以獲得 ISO/IEC 27001 認證。
認證機構成立了一個由七名審核員組成的團隊。傑克是最有經驗的審核員，被任命為審核組組長。多年來，他獲得了許多知名認證，例如 ISO/IEC 27001 首席審核員、CISA、CISSP 和 CISM。
Jack 透過研究和評估 NightCore 實施的每項資訊安全要求和控制，對 ISMS 審查的每個階段進行了全面分析。在第二階段審核期間。傑克發現了一些不合格項。在將購買的軟體許可證發票數量與軟體庫存進行比較後，傑克發現該公司的許多電腦一直在使用非法版本的軟體。他決定要求高階主管對這項違規行為做出解釋，看看他們是否意識到這一點。他的下一步是審計 NightCore 的 IT 部門。高層指派 NightCore 的系統管理員 Tom 擔任指導，陪伴 Jack 和稽核團隊了解系統和數位資產基礎設施的內部運作。
在採訪財務部的一名成員時，審計人員發現該公司最近向其一名顧問進行了一些不尋常的大額交易。收集有關交易的所有必要詳細資訊後。傑克決定直接訪問高階主管。
在討論第一個不合格項時，高階主管告訴傑克，他們願意決定使用複製軟體而不是原始軟體，因為它更便宜。 Jack向NightCore的高層解釋說，使用非法版本的軟體違反了ISO/IEC 27001和國家法律法規的要求。然而，他們似乎對此感到滿意。
在審計幾個月後，Jack 將他在審計期間收集的一些 NightCore 資訊出售給了 NightCore 的競爭對手，以獲取巨額資金。
根據該場景，回答以下問題：
當傑克發現有關軟體的第一個不合格項時，他收集了哪些類型的審核證據？請參閱場景 3。
- A. 口頭證據
- B. 數學證據
- C. 分析證據
正解：B
解説：
Jack collected mathematical evidence when he identified nonconformities by comparing the number of purchased invoices for software licenses with the software inventory. This type of evidence involves numerical, quantifiable data that highlights discrepancies and supports findings of compliance or non- compliance.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2013 Standard, general guidelines on auditing
質問 # 161
您正在一家提供醫療保健服務的住宅療養院進行 ISMS 初始認證審核。審計計劃的下一步是召開末次會議。在最終審核小組會議上，身為審核組組長，您同意報告 2 項輕微不符合項和 1 項改進機會，如下：
在閉幕會議上，管理系統代表 (MSR) 向您通報 ABC 將在未來 3 個月內與 WeCare 醫療設備製造商合併的資訊。合併後該組織的名稱將是 ABC。他詢問是否可以將 WeCare 醫療器材生產地點納入後續審核，以便認證中將其納入。他表示 WeCare 已通過 ISO/IEC 27001:2022 認證。
選擇一個選項以正確回應 MSR 的請求。
- A. 建議沒有問題。如果WeCare能夠獲得其認證機構的同意，新業務可以立即納入認證範圍
- B. 建議任何變更都會影響初始審核的認證範圍。該組織有責任在商定的時間範圍內更新認證機構，以便就合併 WeCare 做出決定。
- C. 建議最好延後認證流程並等待業務收購者完成
- D. 建議需要對 WeCare 進行初步審核，但這可以與 ABC 的後續審核結合起來
正解：B
解説：
According to ISO/IEC 27001 guidelines, any significant changes to the scope of the ISMS, such as a merger, must be communicated to the certification body. This ensures that the certification remains valid and that all locations and processes are included in the scope. The certification body will then decide the appropriate actions to incorporate the new entity into the existing certification.
References:
*ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Reference Materials
*PECB Candidate Handbook for ISO 27001 Lead Auditor
質問 # 162
場景 2：Knight 是一家來自美國北加州的電子公司，開發電玩遊戲機。 Knight 在全球擁有 300 多名員工。在成立五週年之際，他們決定推出 G-Console，這是一款面向全球市場的新一代電玩遊戲機。 G-Console被認為是2021年的終極媒體機，將為玩家帶來最佳的遊戲體驗。
主機包將包括一副 VR 耳機、兩個
遊戲和其他禮物。
多年來，公司透過誠信、誠實和尊重客戶而建立了良好的聲譽。這種良好的聲譽是大多數熱衷遊戲玩家在Knight的G-console一上市就想擁有它的原因之一。
Knight 除了是一家非常以客戶為導向的公司之外，
也因其開發品質獲得了遊戲產業的廣泛認可。他們的價格比合理標準允許的要高一些。
儘管如此，對於 Knight 的大多數忠實客戶來說，這並不是一個問題，因為它們的品質是一流的。
作為世界頂級視訊遊戲機開發商之一，Knight 也經常成為惡意活動的焦點。該公司的 ISMS 已投入運作一年多了。 ISMS 範圍包括 Knight 的所有部門（財務和人力資源部門除外）。
最近，奈特的一些包含專有資訊的文件被駭客洩露。 Knight 的事件回應團隊 (IRT) 立即開始分析系統的每個部分以及事件的詳細資訊。
IRT 的第一個懷疑是 Knight 的員工使用了弱密碼，因此很容易被未經授權存取其帳戶的駭客破解。然而，在仔細調查該事件後，IRT 確定駭客透過擷取檔案傳輸協定 (FTP) 流量來存取帳戶。
FTP 是一種用於在帳戶之間傳輸檔案的網路協定。它使用明文密碼進行身份驗證。
受此資訊安全事件的影響，在IRT的建議下，Knight決定用Secure Shell (SSH)協定取代FTP，這樣任何捕獲流量的人都只能看到加密的資料。
在這些變化之後，奈特進行了風險評估，以驗證控制措施的實施是否已將類似事件的風險降至最低。該過程的結果得到了 ISMS 專案經理的批准，他聲稱實施新控制措施後的風險等級符合公司的風險接受程度。
根據該場景，回答以下問題：
Knight 在以 SSH 取代 FTP 時使用了哪種風險處理選項？請參閱場景 2。
- A. 風險修改
- B. 風險自留
- C. 規避風險
正解：A
解説：
Risk modification involves implementing controls to reduce the likelihood or impact of a risk. By replacing FTP with SSH, Knight has modified the risk associated with the transfer of files by ensuring that the data is encrypted, thereby reducing the likelihood of unauthorized access through traffic capturing1. References: = This answer is based on the standard risk treatment options provided in ISO/IEC 27001, which include avoiding, modifying, sharing, or retaining risks as part of the risk management process
質問 # 163
您是一位經驗豐富的 ISMS 審核團隊領導者。您正在向一類品質管理系統審核員介紹 ISO/IEC 27001:2022，這些審核員正在尋求再培訓，以便能夠執行資訊安全管理系統審核。
您問他們資訊安全管理系統尋求保留下列哪些資訊特徵？
他們應該提供哪三個答案？
- A. 輔助功能
- B. 效率
- C. 清晰度
- D. 保密性
- E. 完整性
- F. 可用性
- G. 重要性
- H. 誠信
正解：D、F、H
解説：
These three characteristics are the fundamental properties of information security, as defined by the ISO/IEC
27000 standard, which provides the overview and vocabulary of information security, cybersecurity, and privacy protection12. They are also the basis for the information security objectives and controls of the ISO
/IEC 27001 standard, which specifies the requirements for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and continually improving an information security management system34. The definitions of these characteristics are as follows12:
*Availability: The property of being accessible and usable upon demand by an authorized entity.
*Confidentiality: The property that information is not made available or disclosed to unauthorized individuals, entities, or processes.
*Integrity: The property of safeguarding the accuracy and completeness of information and processing methods.
The other characteristics listed in the question, such as clarity, accessibility, completeness, importance, and efficiency, are not directly related to information security, although they may be relevant for other aspects of information management, such as quality, usability, or performance.
References: = 1: ISO/IEC 27000:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection - Overview and vocabulary, clause 32: ISO/IEC 27000:2022 (en), Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection - Overview and vocabulary13: ISO/IEC
27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, clause 6.24: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 (en), Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection - Information security management systems - Requirements1
質問 # 164
下列哪兩項是有效的審計結論？
- A. ISMS 入門訓練不提供惡意軟體預防的指導
- B. 適用範圍基於 ISO/IEC 27001 2013 版，而非 2022 版
- C. 兩次內部審核的糾正措施尚未完成
- D. 風險登記冊自 202X 年 6 月以來尚未更新
- E. 組織的 ISMS 目標符合 ISO/IEC 27001:2022 的要求
- F. ISMS 政策已有效傳達給組織
正解：E、F
解説：
The two statements that are valid audit conclusions are:
*The ISMS policy has been effectively communicated to the organisation
*The organisation's ISMS objectives meet the requirements of ISO/IEC 27001:2022 According to ISO 19011:2018, an audit conclusion is the outcome of an audit, provided by the audit team after considering the audit objectives and all audit findings1. An audit conclusion can be positive or negative, depending on whether the audit criteria are fulfilled or not. An audit conclusion can also include recommendations for improvement or recognition of good practices.
The statements D and E are valid audit conclusions, because they express the outcome of the audit based on the audit criteria and findings. For example:
*Statement D is a positive audit conclusion, because it indicates that the organisation has fulfilled the requirement of clause 5.2.2 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which states that the ISMS policy must be communicated within the organisation and to relevant interested parties2. The audit team must have obtained sufficient and appropriate audit evidence to support this conclusion, such as records of communication, awareness activities, feedback, etc.
*Statement E is a positive audit conclusion, because it indicates that the organisation has fulfilled the requirement of clause 6.2 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which states that the organisation must establish ISMS objectives that are consistent with the ISMS policy and relevant to the information security risks3. The audit team must have obtained sufficient and appropriate audit evidence to support this conclusion, such as records of objective setting, risk assessment, alignment with policy, etc.
The other statements are not valid audit conclusions, because they do not express the outcome of the audit based on the audit criteria and findings. They are rather examples of audit findings, which are the results of the evaluation of the collected audit evidence against the audit criteria4. Audit findings can indicate either conformity or nonconformity with the audit criteria, or opportunities for improvement. For example:
*Statement A is a negative audit finding, because it indicates a nonconformity with the requirement of clause
7.2.2 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which states that the organisation must provide information security awareness education and training to persons under its control5. The audit team must have identified and documented this nonconformity, and reported it to the auditee.
*Statement B is a negative audit finding, because it indicates a nonconformity with the requirement of clause
6.1.2 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which states that the organisation must maintain and review the information security risk assessment at planned intervals or when significant changes occur6. The audit team must have identified and documented this nonconformity, and reported it to the auditee.
*Statement C is a negative audit finding, because it indicates a nonconformity with the requirement of clause
10.1 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which states that the organisation must take action to eliminate the causes of nonconformities and prevent recurrence7. The audit team must have identified and documented this nonconformity, and reported it to the auditee.
*Statement F is a negative audit finding, because it indicates a nonconformity with the requirement of clause
6.1.3 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which states that the organisation must determine the controls that are necessary to implement the risk treatment plan, and document them in the statement of applicability8. The audit team must have identified and documented this nonconformity, and reported it to the auditee.
References: 1: ISO 19011:2018, 3.15; 2: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, 5.2.2; 3: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, 6.2; 4: ISO
19011:2018, 3.14; 5: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, 7.2.2; 6: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, 6.1.2; 7: ISO/IEC 27001:2022,
10.1; 8: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, 6.1.3; : ISO 19011:2018; : ISO/IEC 27001:2022; : ISO/IEC 27001:2022; : ISO
19011:2018; : ISO/IEC 27001:2022; : ISO/IEC 27001:2022; : ISO/IEC 27001:2022; : ISO/IEC 27001:2022
質問 # 165
場景9：UpNet是一家網路公司，已通過ISO/IEC 27001認證。
自從獲得 ISO/IEC 27001 認證以來，該公司的認可度大幅提高。此認證證實了 UpNefs 營運的成熟性及其符合廣泛認可和接受的標準。
但認證之後一切還沒結束。 UpNet 透過進行內部稽核不斷審查和增強其安全控制以及 ISMS 的整體有效性和效率。高階主管不願意聘請全職內部稽核團隊，因此決定將內部稽核職能外包。這種形式的內部稽核確保了獨立性、客觀性，並且在 ISMS 的持續改進方面發揮諮詢作用。
在初次認證審核後不久，該公司創建了一個專門從事數據和儲存產品的新部門。他們提供針對資料中心和基於軟體的網路設備（例如網路虛擬化和網路安全設備）進行最佳化的路由器和交換器。這導致 ISMS 認證範圍內已涵蓋的其他部門的營運發生變化。
所以。 UpNet 啟動了風險評估流程和內部稽核。根據內部審計結果，公司確認了現有和新流程和控制的有效性和效率。
由於新部門符合 ISO/IEC 27001 要求，最高管理層決定將其納入認證範圍。 UpNet宣布取得ISO/IEC 27001認證，認證範圍涵蓋全公司。
在初次認證審核一年後，認證機構對 UpNefs ISMS 進行了另一次審核。
此次審核旨在確定 UpNefs ISMS 是否符合指定的 ISO/IEC 27001 要求，並確保 ISMS 持續改善。審核小組確認，經過認證的 ISMS 繼續符合標準的要求。儘管如此，新部門對管理體系的治理產生了重大影響。此外，認證機構並未獲悉任何變更。因此，UpNefs認證被暫停。
根據上述場景，回答以下問題：
UpNet 將內部稽核職能外包，如場景 9 所示。
- A. 不，內部稽核不一定必須是獨立且客觀的，因為它們具有諮商作用
- B. 否，因為內部審核流程不僅僅包含審核計劃
- C. 是的，它提高了內部稽核的獨立性和公正性，因為審計員不具有與 ISMS 相關的營運角色
正解：C
解説：
Yes, outsourcing the internal audit function can positively impact the internal audit process by increasing its independence and impartiality. This helps ensure that the internal audits are conducted without any bias or influence from the company's internal management.
質問 # 166
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