[2025年02月18日] 心強いISA-IEC-62443のPDF問題集はISA-IEC-62443問題
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質問 # 29
Which statement is TRUE regarding Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS)?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. They are very inexpensive to design and deploy.
- B. They are effective against known vulnerabilities.
- C. They require a small amount of care and feeding
- D. Modern IDS recognize IACS devices by default.
正解：D
質問 # 30
Which policies and procedures publication is titled Patch Manaqement in the IACS Environment?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. ISA-62443-4-2
- B. ISA-62443-3-3
- C. ISA-TR62443-2-3
- D. ISA-TR62443-1-4
正解：C
解説：
ISA-TR62443-2-3 is the technical report that describes the requirements for asset owners and industrial automation and control system (IACS) product suppliers that have established and are now maintaining an IACS patch management program. Patch management is the process of applying software updates to fix vulnerabilities, bugs, or performance issues in the IACS components. Patch management is an essential part of maintaining the security and reliability of the IACS environment. The technical report provides guidance on how to establish a patch management policy, how to assess the impact and risk of patches, how to test and deploy patches, and how to monitor and audit the patch management process. References: 1, 2, 3
質問 # 31
The Risk Analysis category contains background information that is used where?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Only the Assessment element
- B. Many other elements in the CSMS
- C. (Elements external to the CSMS
- D. Only the Risk ID element
正解：D
質問 # 32
What is a commonly used protocol for managing secure data transmission over a Virtual Private Network
(VPN)?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. SSH
- B. HTTPS
- C. IPSec
- D. MPLS
正解：C
質問 # 33
In a defense-in-depth strategy, what is the purpose of role-based access control?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Ensures that users correctly manage their username and password
- B. Ensures that users can access systems from remote locations
- C. Ensures that users can access only the functions they need for their job
- D. Ensures that users can access only certain devices on the network
正解：C
解説：
Role-based access control (RBAC) is a method of restricting access to resources based on the roles of individual users within an organization. RBAC assigns permissions and responsibilities to roles, rather than to individual users, and then assigns users to those roles. This way, users can only perform the actions that are relevant and necessary for their role, and not access or modify any other resources that are beyond their scope of authority. RBAC is one of the security countermeasures that can be implemented in a defense-in-depth strategy, which is a layered approach to protect industrial automation and control systems (IACS) from cyber threats. RBAC can help prevent unauthorized access, misuse, or sabotage of IACS resources, as well as reduce the risk of human error or insider attacks.
References:
* ISA/IEC 62443-3-3:2013, Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 3-3: System security requirements and security levels, Clause 5.3.2.11
* ISA/IEC 62443-2-1:2010, Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 2-1: Establishing an industrial automation and control systems security program, Clause 6.2.2.32
* ISA/IEC 62443-4-1:2018, Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-1: Product security development life-cycle requirements, Clause 5.2.3.23
* ISA/IEC 62443-4-2:2019, Security for industrial automation and control systems - Part 4-2: Technical security requirements for IACS components, Clause 4.2.3.24
質問 # 34
Which activity is part of establishing policy, organization, and awareness?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Establish the risk tolerance.
- B. Identify detailed vulnerabilities.
- C. Communicate policies.
- D. Implement countermeasures.
正解：C
解説：
According to the ISA/IEC 62443 Cybersecurity Fundamentals Specialist course, establishing policy, organization, and awareness is one of the four steps of the IACS cybersecurity lifecycle. This step involves defining the cybersecurity policies, roles, and responsibilities, as well as communicating them to the relevant stakeholders. It also involves establishing the risk tolerance level, which is the acceptable level of risk for the organization. Communicating policies and establishing the risk tolerance are both activities that are part of this step. Identifying detailed vulnerabilities and implementing countermeasures are activities that belong to the next steps of the lifecycle, which are assessing the current situation and implementing the cybersecurity program, respectively. References: ISA/IEC 62443 Cybersecurity Fundamentals Specialist course, Module 2:
IACS Cybersecurity Lifecycle1
質問 # 35
Which of the following can be employed as a barrier device in a segmented network?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. VPN
- B. Domain controller
- C. Unmanaged switch
- D. Router
正解：D
質問 # 36
Which is a PRIMARY reason why network security is important in IACS environments?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. PLCs use serial or Ethernet communications methods.
- B. PLCs are inherently unreliable.
- C. PLCs are programmed using ladder logic.
- D. PLCs under cyber attack can have costly and dangerous impacts.
正解：D
質問 # 37
Whose responsibility is it to determine the level of risk an organization is willing to tolerate?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Safety Department
- B. Management
- C. Operations Department
- D. Legal Department
正解：B
解説：
According to the ISA/IEC 62443 standards, the level of risk an organization is willing to tolerate is determined by the management, as they are responsible for defining the business and risk objectives, as well as the security policies and procedures for the organization. The management also has the authority to allocate the necessary resources and assign the roles and responsibilities for implementing and maintaining the security program. The legal, operations, and safety departments may provide input and feedback to the management, but they do not have the final say in determining the risk tolerance level. References: ISA/IEC 62443-2-1:2010
- Establishing an industrial automation and control systems security program, section 4.2.1.
質問 # 38
Why is patch management more difficult for IACS than for business systems?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Business systems automatically update.
- B. Many more approvals are required.
- C. Overtime pay is required for technicians.
- D. Patching a live automation system can create safety risks.
正解：D
質問 # 39
Which type of cryptographic algorithms requires more than one key?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Stream ciphers
- B. Asymmetric (public) key
- C. Block ciphers
- D. Symmetric (private) key
正解：B
解説：
Asymmetric (public) key algorithms are a type of cryptographic algorithms that require more than one key. Asymmetric key algorithms use a pair of keys, one for encryption and one for decryption, that are mathematically related but not identical1. The encryption key is usually made public, while the decryption key is kept private. This allows anyone to encrypt a message using the public key, but only the intendedrecipient can decrypt it using the private key1. Asymmetric key algorithms are also known as public key algorithms or public key cryptography1. Asymmetric key algorithms are used for various purposes, such as digital signatures, key exchange, and encryption2. Some examples of asymmetric key algorithms are RSA, Diffie-Hellman, ElGamal, and Elliptic Curve Cryptography2.
References: Asymmetric Algorithm or Public Key Cryptography - IBM, Cryptography 101: Key Principles, Major Types, Use Cases & Algorithms | Splunk.
質問 # 40
Which of the following is an element of monitoring and improving a CSMS?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Review of system logs and other key data files
- B. Increase in staff training and security awareness
- C. Restricted access to the industrial control system to an as-needed basis
- D. Significant changes in identified risk round in periodic reassessments
正解：A、B
解説：
Monitoring and improving a Cybersecurity Management System (CSMS) as per ISA/IEC 62443 standards involves several key activities that ensure the system remains effective and responsive to emerging threats.
Two critical elements of this ongoing process are:
* A. Increase in staff training and security awareness:Regular training and increasing security awareness among staff are vital to maintaining a secure operating environment. This proactive measure helps in reducing human error and enhancing the ability to respond effectively to cybersecurity incidents.
* D. Review of system logs and other key data files:Continuous review and analysis of system logs and other relevant data files are essential for detecting, investigating, and responding to potential security incidents. This monitoring helps in identifying anomalies that may indicate a security breach or operational issues needing attention.
質問 # 41
Which of the following is an element of security policy, organization, and awareness?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Product development requirements
- B. Technical requirement assessment
- C. Staff training and security awareness
- D. Penetration testing
正解：B
質問 # 42
Which of the following is an industry sector-specific standard?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. ISO 27001
- B. API 1164
- C. ISA-62443 (EC 62443)
- D. NIST SP800-82
正解：B
質問 # 43
What type of security level defines what a component or system is capable of meeting?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. Achieved security level
- B. Target security level
- C. Design security level
- D. Capability security level
正解：D
解説：
According to the IEC 62443 standard, a capability security level (SL-C) is defined as "the security level that a component or system is capable of meeting when it is properly configured and protected by an appropriate set of security countermeasures" 1. A component or system can have different SL-Cs for different security requirements, depending on its design and implementation. The SL-C is determined by testing the component or system against a set of security test cases that correspond to the security requirements. The SL-C is not dependent on the actual operational environment orconfiguration of the component or system, but rather on its inherent capabilities. References:
* IEC 62443 - Wikipedia
質問 # 44
Which of the following is an industry sector-specific standard?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. D. ISO 27001
- B. API 1164
- C. ISA-62443 (EC 62443)
- D. NIST SP800-82
正解：B
解説：
API 1164 is an industry sector-specific standard that provides guidance on the cybersecurity of pipeline supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems. API stands for American Petroleum Institute, which is the largest U.S. trade association for the oil and natural gas industry. API 1164 was first published in
2004 and revised in 2009 and 2021. The latest version of the standard aligns with the ISA/IEC 62443 series of standards and incorporates the concepts of security levels, zones, and conduits. API 1164 covers the security lifecycle of pipeline SCADA systems, from risk assessment and policy development to implementation and maintenance. The standard also defines roles and responsibilities, security requirements, security controls, and security assessment methods for pipeline SCADA systems.
References:
* API 1164: Pipeline SCADA Security, Fourth Edition, September 2021
* ISA/IEC 62443 Cybersecurity Fundamentals Specialist Study Guide, Section 2.2.2, Industry Sector-Specific Standards
* ISA/IEC 62443 Cybersecurity Fundamentals Specialist Exam Specification, Section 2.2.2, Industry Sector-Specific Standards
質問 # 45
Which of the ISA 62443 standards focuses on the process of developing secure products?
Available Choices (select all choices that are correct)
- A. 62443-3-2
- B. 62443-3-3
- C. 62443-1-1
- D. 62443-4-1
正解：D
解説：
The ISA/IEC 62443 series of standards is divided into four main parts, each covering a different aspect of industrial automation and control systems (IACS) cybersecurity1:
* Part 1: Terminology, Concepts, and Models
* Part 2: Policies and Procedures
* Part 3: System Requirements
* Part 4: Component Requirements The part 4 of the series focuses on the requirements for the secure development and maintenance of products that are used in IACS, such as controllers, sensors, actuators, network devices, software applications, and cloud services. The part 4 consists of two standards1:
質問 # 46
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