[2025年05月23日] 最速合格には素晴らしいISOIEC20000LI無料テストPDF本日更新です [Q26-Q51]

[2025年05月23日] 最速合格には素晴らしいISOIEC20000LI無料テストPDF本日更新です

無料でゲット！最新の2025年最新の有効な練習ISO/IEC 20000 Lead Implementer ISOIEC20000LI問題と解答でテストエンジン

質問 # 26
Scenario 7: InfoSec is a multinational corporation headquartered in Boston, MA, which provides professional electronics, gaming, and entertainment services. After facing numerous information security incidents, InfoSec has decided to establish teams and implement measures to prevent potential incidents in the future Emma, Bob. and Anna were hired as the new members of InfoSec's information security team, which consists of a security architecture team, an incident response team (IRT) and a forensics team Emma's job is to create information security plans, policies, protocols, and training to prepare InfoSec to respond to incidents effectively Emma and Bob would be full-time employees of InfoSec, whereas Anna was contracted as an external consultant.
Bob, a network expert, will deploy a screened subnet network architecture This architecture will isolate the demilitarized zone (OMZ) to which hosted public services are attached and InfoSec's publicly accessible resources from their private network Thus, InfoSec will be able to block potential attackers from causing unwanted events inside the company's network. Bob is also responsible for ensuring that a thorough evaluation of the nature of an unexpected event is conducted, including the details on how the event happened and what or whom it might affect.
Anna will create records of the data, reviews, analysis, and reports in order to keep evidence for the purpose of disciplinary and legal action, and use them to prevent future incidents. To do the work accordingly, she should be aware of the company's information security incident management policy beforehand Among others, this policy specifies the type of records to be created, the place where they should be kept, and the format and content that specific record types should have.
Based on this scenario, answer the following question:
Based on his tasks, which team is Bob part of?

• A. Incident response team
• B. Forensics team
• C. Security architecture team

正解：A

解説：
Based on his tasks, Bob is part of the incident response team (IRT) of InfoSec. According to ISO/IEC 27035-
2:2023, the IRT is a team of appropriately skilled and trusted members of an organization that responds to and resolves incidents in a coordinated way1. One of the tasks of the IRT is to conduct an evaluation of the nature of an unexpected event, including the details on how the event happened and what or whom it might affect1.
This is consistent with Bob's responsibility of ensuring that a thorough evaluation of the nature of an unexpected event is conducted. Therefore, Bob belongs to the incident response team.
References:
* ISO/IEC 27035-2:2023 (en), Information technology - Information security incident management - Part 2: Guidelines to plan and prepare for incident response1
* Response to Information Security Incidents | ISMS.online2

質問 # 27
Based on scenario 10. did invalid Electric provide a valid reason for requesting the replacement of the audit learn leader?

• A. No, because the auditee can request the replacement of an auditor only if the auditor has worked for the auditee
• B. Yes, because the auditee can request to replace an auditor that has worked for one of its major competitors
• C. No, because Issuing a recommendation for certification lo a main competitor is not a conflict of interest situation

正解：B

質問 # 28
Scenario 9: OpenTech provides IT and communications services. It helps data communication enterprises and network operators become multi-service providers During an internal audit, its internal auditor, Tim, has identified nonconformities related to the monitoring procedures He identified and evaluated several system Invulnerabilities.
Tim found out that user IDs for systems and services that process sensitive information have been reused and the access control policy has not been followed After analyzing the root causes of this nonconformity, the ISMS project manager developed a list of possible actions to resolve the nonconformity. Then, the ISMS project manager analyzed the list and selected the activities that would allow the elimination of the root cause and the prevention of a similar situation in the future. These activities were included in an action plan The action plan, approved by the top management, was written as follows:
A new version of the access control policy will be established and new restrictions will be created to ensure that network access is effectively managed and monitored by the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Department The approved action plan was implemented and all actions described in the plan were documented.
Based on this scenario, answer the following question:
OpenTech has decided to establish a new version of its access control policy. What should the company do when such changes occur?

• A. Include the changes in the scope
• B. Identify the change factors to be monitored
• C. Update the information security objectives

正解：C

解説：
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 6.2, the organization shall establish information security objectives at relevant functions and levels. The information security objectives shall be consistent with the information security policy and relevant to the information security risks. The organization shall update the information security objectives as changes occur. Therefore, when OpenTech decides to establish a new version of its access control policy, it should update its information security objectives accordingly to reflect the changes and ensure alignment with the policy.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 6.2; PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 10, slide 8.

質問 # 29
What should an organization demonstrate through documentation?

• A. That the distribution of paper copies is regularly complete
• B. That Its security controls are implemented based on risk scenarios
• C. That the complexity of processes and their interactions is documented

正解：B

質問 # 30
Based on scenario 5, what can be considered as a residual risk to Socket Inc.?

• A. The use of passwords with at least 12 characters containing a mixture of uppercase and lowercase letters, symbols, and numbers
• B. Users with access to cloud storage files are segregated on a separate network
• C. Files arc decrypted once the user is authenticated

正解：C

質問 # 31
Company X restricted the access of the internal auditor of some of its documentation taking into account its confidentiality. Is this acceptable?

• A. Yes. confidential information should not be increased by internal auditors
• B. No. restricting the internal auditor's access to offices and documentation can negatively affect the internal audit process
• C. Yes. it is up to the company to determine what an internal auditor can access

正解：B

質問 # 32
Diana works as a customer service representative for a large e-commerce company. One day, she accidently modified the order details of a customer without their permission Due to this error, the customer received an incorrect product. Which information security principle was breached in this case7

• A. Availability
• B. Integrity
• C. Confidentiality

正解：B

解説：
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, information security controls are measures that are implemented to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information assets1. Controls can be preventive, detective, or corrective, depending on their purpose and nature2. Preventive controls aim to prevent or deter the occurrence of a security incident or reduce its likelihood. Detective controls aim to detect or discover the occurrence of a security incident or its symptoms. Corrective controls aim to correct or restore the normal state of an asset or a process after a security incident or mitigate its impact2.
In this scenario, Socket Inc. implemented several security controls to prevent information security incidents from recurring, such as:
* Segregation of networks: This is a preventive and technical control that involves separating different parts of a network into smaller segments, using devices such as routers, firewalls, or VPNs, to limit the access and communication between them3. This can enhance the security and performance of the network, as well as reduce the administrative efforts and costs3.
* Privileged access rights: This is a preventive and administrative control that involves granting access to information assets or systems only to authorized personnel who have a legitimate need to access them, based on their roles and responsibilities4. This can reduce the risk of unauthorized access, misuse, or modification of information assets or systems4.
* Cryptographic controls: This is a preventive and technical control that involves the use of cryptography, which is the science of protecting information by transforming it into an unreadable format, to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of information assets or systems. This can prevent unauthorized access, modification, or disclosure of information assets or systems.
* Information security threat management: This is a preventive and administrative control that involves the identification, analysis, and response to information security threats, which are any incidents that could negatively affect the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of information assets or systems.
This can help the organization to anticipate, prevent, or mitigate the impact of information security threats.
* Information security integration into project management: This is a preventive and administrative control that involves the incorporation of information security requirements and controls into the planning, execution, and closure of projects, which are temporary endeavors undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result. This can ensure that information security risks and opportunities are identified and addressed throughout the project life cycle.
However, information backup is not a preventive control, but a corrective control. Information backup is a corrective and technical control that involves the creation and maintenance of copies of information assets or systems, using dedicated software and utilities, to ensure that they can be recovered in case of data loss, corruption, accidental deletion, or cyber incidents. This can help the organization to restore the normal state of information assets or systems after a security incident or mitigate its impact. Therefore,information backup does not prevent information security incidents from recurring, but rather helps the organization to recover from them.
References:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022 - Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection - Information security management systems - Requirements
* ISO 27001 Key Terms - PJR
* Network Segmentation: What It Is and How It Works | Imperva
* ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.2 - Privileged Access Rights - ISMS.online
* [ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.3 - Cryptographic Controls - ISMS.online]
* [ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 5.30 - Information Security Threat Management - ISMS.online]
* [ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 5.31 - Information Security Integration into Project Management - ISMS.
online]
* [ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.13 - Information Backup - ISMS.online]

質問 # 33
Scenario 4: TradeB. a commercial bank that has just entered the market, accepts deposits from its clients and offers basic financial services and loans for investments. TradeB has decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 Having no experience of a management
[^system implementation, TradeB's top management contracted two experts to direct and manage the ISMS implementation project.
First, the project team analyzed the 93 controls of ISO/IEC 27001 Annex A and listed only the security controls deemed applicable to the company and their objectives Based on this analysis, they drafted the Statement of Applicability. Afterward, they conducted a risk assessment, during which they identified assets, such as hardware, software, and networks, as well as threats and vulnerabilities, assessed potential consequences and likelihood, and determined the level of risks based on three nonnumerical categories (low, medium, and high). They evaluated the risks based on the risk evaluation criteria and decided to treat only the high risk category They also decided to focus primarily on the unauthorized use of administrator rights and system interruptions due to several hardware failures by establishing a new version of the access control policy, implementing controls to manage and control user access, and implementing a control for ICT readiness for business continuity Lastly, they drafted a risk assessment report, in which they wrote that if after the implementation of these security controls the level of risk is below the acceptable level, the risks will be accepted Based on scenario 4, the fact that TradeB defined the level of risk based on three nonnumerical categories indicates that;

• A. The level of risk will be evaluated using quantitative analysis
• B. The level of risk will be evaluated against qualitative criteria
• C. The level of risk will be defined using a formula

正解：B

解説：
Qualitative risk assessment is a method of evaluating risks based on nonnumerical categories, such as low, medium, and high. It is often used when there is not enough data or resources to perform a quantitative risk assessment, which involves numerical values and calculations. Qualitative risk assessment relies on the subjective judgment and experience of the risk assessors, and it can be influenced by various factors, such as the context, the stakeholders, and the criteria. According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Annex A, control A.8.2.1 states: "The organization shall define and apply an information security risk assessment process that: ... d) identifies the risk owners; e) analyses the risks: i) assesses the consequences that would result if the risks identified were to materialize; ii) assesses the realistic likelihood of the occurrence of the risks; f) identifies and evaluates options for the treatment of risks; g) determines the levels of residual risk and whether these are acceptable; and h) identifies the risk owners for the residual risks." Therefore, TradeB's decision to define the level of risk based on three nonnumerical categories indicates that they used a qualitative risk assessment process.
References:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Annex A, control A.8.2.1
* PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 7, slides 12-13

質問 # 34
An organization uses Platform as a Services (PaaS) to host its cloud-based services As such, the cloud provider manages most off the services to the organization. However, the organization still manages____________________

• A. Servers and storage
• B. Application and data
• C. Operating system and visualization

正解：B

質問 # 35
A company decided to use an algorithm that analyzes various attributes of customer behavior, such as browsing patterns and demographics, and groups customers based on their similar characteristics. This way.
the company will be able to identify frequent buyers and trend-followers, among others. What type of machine learning this the company using?

• A. Decision tree machine learning
• B. Supervised machine learning
• C. Unsupervised machine learning

正解：C

解説：
According to the ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 Lead Implementer course, one of the objectives of information security incident management is to collect and preserve records that can be used as evidence for disciplinary and legal action, as well as for learning andimprovement purposes1. Therefore, Anna should be aware of the collection and preservation of records when gathering data for the forensics team. She should follow the guidelines and procedures specified in the information security incident management policy of InfoSec, which defines the type, format, content, and location of the records to be created and maintained2. The records should be accurate, complete, consistent, and reliable, and should be protected from unauthorized access, modification, or deletion3.
References: 1: PECB, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 8: Information Security Incident Management, slide 16 2: PECB, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 8: Information Security Incident Management, slide 19 3: PECB, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 8: Information Security Incident Management, slide 20

質問 # 36
Scenario 4: TradeB. a commercial bank that has just entered the market, accepts deposits from its clients and offers basic financial services and loans for investments. TradeB has decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 Having no experience of a management
[^system implementation, TradeB's top management contracted two experts to direct and manage the ISMS implementation project.
First, the project team analyzed the 93 controls of ISO/IEC 27001 Annex A and listed only the security controls deemed applicable to the company and their objectives Based on this analysis, they drafted the Statement of Applicability. Afterward, they conducted a risk assessment, during which they identified assets, such as hardware, software, and networks, as well as threats and vulnerabilities, assessed potential consequences and likelihood, and determined the level of risks based on three nonnumerical categories (low, medium, and high). They evaluated the risks based on the risk evaluation criteria and decided to treat only the high risk category They also decided to focus primarily on the unauthorized use of administrator rights and system interruptions due to several hardware failures by establishing a new version of the access control policy, implementing controls to manage and control user access, and implementing a control for ICT readiness for business continuity Lastly, they drafted a risk assessment report, in which they wrote that if after the implementation of these security controls the level of risk is below the acceptable level, the risks will be accepted Which of the actions presented in scenario 4 is NOT compliant with the requirements of ISO/IEC 27001?

• A. The external experts selected security controls and drafted the Statement of Applicability
• B. The Statement of Applicability was drafted before conducting the risk assessment
• C. TradeB selected only ISO/IEC 27001 controls deemed applicable to the company

正解：B

解説：
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 6.1.3, the Statement of Applicability (SoA) is a document that identifies the controls that are applicable to the organization's ISMS and explains why they are selected or not. The SoA is based on the results of the risk assessment and risk treatment, which are the previous steps in the risk management process. Therefore, the SoA should be drafted after conducting the risk assessment, not before. Drafting the SoA before the risk assessment may lead to inappropriate or incompleteselection of controls, as the organization may not have a clear understanding of its information security risks and their impact.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 6.1.3; PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 5, slide 18.

質問 # 37
Which approach should organizations use to implement an ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001?

• A. Any approach that enables the ISMS implementation within the 12month period
• B. Only the approach provided by the standard
• C. An approach that is suitable for organization's scope

正解：C

解説：
ISO/IEC 27001:2022 does not prescribe a specific approach for implementing an ISMS, but rather provides a set of requirements and guidelines that can be adapted to the organization's context, scope, and objectives.
Therefore, organizations can use any approach that is suitable for their scope, as long as it meets the requirements of the standard and enables the achievement of the intended outcomes of the ISMS. The approach should also consider the needs and expectations of the interested parties, the risks and opportunities related to information security, and the legal and regulatory obligations of the organization.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 4.1; PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 4, slide 9.

質問 # 38
Scenario 1: HealthGenic is a pediatric clinic that monitors the health and growth of individuals from infancy to early adulthood using a web-based medical software. The software is also used to schedule appointments, create customized medical reports, store patients' data and medical history, and communicate with all the
[^involved parties, including parents, other physicians, and the medical laboratory staff.
Last month, HealthGenic experienced a number of service interruptions due to the increased number of users accessing the software Another issue the company faced while using the software was the complicated user interface, which the untrained personnel found challenging to use.
The top management of HealthGenic immediately informed the company that had developed the software about the issue. The software company fixed the issue; however, in the process of doing so, it modified some files that comprised sensitive information related to HealthGenic's patients. The modifications that were made resulted in incomplete and incorrect medical reports and, more importantly, invaded the patients' privacy.
Intrinsic vulnerabilities, such as the______________ are related to the characteristics of the asset. Refer to scenario 1.

• A. Complicated user interface
• B. Software malfunction
• C. Service interruptions

正解：A

解説：
Intrinsic vulnerabilities are related to the characteristics of the asset that make it susceptible to threats, regardless of the presence or absence of controls. In scenario 1, the complicated user interface of the web- based medical software is an intrinsic vulnerability, as it is a feature of the software that makes it difficult to use and increases the likelihood of human errors. The software malfunction and the service interruptions are not intrinsic vulnerabilities, but rather incidents that occurred due to external factors, such as the increased number of users or the software company's actions.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Implementer Course Content, Module 6: Risk Assessment and Treatment1; ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information Security, Cybersecurity and Privacy Protection, Clause 6.1.2:
Information security risk assessment2

質問 # 39
Scenario 6: Skyver offers worldwide shipping of electronic products, including gaming consoles, flat-screen TVs. computers, and printers. In order to ensure information security, the company has decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on the requirements of ISO/IEC 27001.
Colin, the company's best information security expert, decided to hold a training and awareness session for the personnel of the company regarding the information security challenges and other information security- related controls. The session included topics such as Skyver's information security approaches and techniques for mitigating phishing and malware.
One of the participants in the session is Lisa, who works in the HR Department. Although Colin explains the existing Skyver's information security policies and procedures in an honest and fair manner, she finds some of the issues being discussed too technical and does not fully understand the session. Therefore, in a lot of cases, she requests additional help from the trainer and her colleagues Based on scenario 6. Lisa found some of the issues being discussed in the training and awareness session too technical, thus not fully understanding the session. What does this indicate?

• A. Lisa did not take actions to acquire the necessary competence
• B. Skyver did not determine differing team needs in accordance to the activities they perform and the intended results
• C. The effectiveness of the training and awareness session was not evaluated

正解：B

解説：
According to the ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Implementer Training Course Guide1, one of the requirements of ISO/IEC 27001 is to ensure that all persons doing work under the organization's control are aware of the information security policy, their contribution to the effectiveness of the ISMS, the implications of not conforming to the ISMS requirements, and the benefits of improved information security performance. To achieve this, the organization should determine the necessary competence of persons doing work under its control that affects its information security performance, provide training or take other actions to acquire the necessary competence, evaluate the effectiveness of the actions taken, and retain appropriate documented information as evidence of competence. The organization should also determine differing team needsin accordance to the activities they perform and the intended results, and provide appropriate training and awareness programs to meet those needs.
Therefore, the scenario indicates that Skyver did not determine differing team needs in accordance to the activities they perform and the intended results, since Lisa, who works in the HR Department, found some of the issues being discussed in the training and awareness session too technical, thus not fully understanding the session. This implies that the session was not tailored to the specific needs and roles of the HR personnel, and that the information security expert did not consider the level of technical knowledge and skills required for them to perform their work effectively and securely.
References:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Implementer Training Course Guide1
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Implementer Info Kit2

質問 # 40
TradeB communicated the information security processes and procedures to employees. Which principle of efficient communication strategy did they use?

• A. Transparency
• B. Appropriateness
• C. Responsiveness

正解：A

質問 # 41
Scenario 5: Operaze is a small software development company that develops applications for various companies around the world. Recently, the company conducted a risk assessment to assess the information security risks that could arise from operating in a digital landscape. Using different testing methods, including penetration Resting and code review, the company identified some issues in its ICT systems, including improper user permissions, misconfigured security settings, and insecure network configurations. To resolve these issues and enhance information security, Operaze decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001.
Considering that Operaze is a small company, the entire IT team was involved in the ISMS implementation project. Initially, the company analyzed the business requirements and the internal and external environment, identified its key processes and activities, and identified and analyzed the interested parties In addition, the top management of Operaze decided to Include most of the company's departments within the ISMS scope.
The defined scope included the organizational and physical boundaries. The IT team drafted an information security policy and communicated it to all relevant interested parties In addition, other specific policies were developed to elaborate on security issues and the roles and responsibilities were assigned to all interested parties.
Following that, the HR manager claimed that the paperwork created by ISMS does not justify its value and the implementation of the ISMS should be canceled However, the top management determined that this claim was invalid and organized an awareness session to explain the benefits of the ISMS to all interested parties.
Operaze decided to migrate Its physical servers to their virtual servers on third-party infrastructure. The new cloud computing solution brought additional changes to the company Operaze's top management, on the other hand, aimed to not only implement an effective ISMS but also ensure the smooth running of the ISMS operations. In this situation, Operaze's top management concluded that the services of external experts were required to implement their information security strategies. The IT team, on the other hand, decided to initiate a change in the ISMS scope and implemented the required modifications to the processes of the company.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
What led Operaze to implement the ISMS?

• A. Identification of threats
• B. Identification of vulnerabilities
• C. Identification of assets

正解：B

解説：
According to the scenario, Operaze conducted a risk assessment to assess the information security risks that could arise from operating in a digital landscape. Using different testing methods, including penetration testing and code review, the company identified some issues in its ICT systems, such as improper user permissions, misconfigured security settings, and insecure network configurations. These issues are examples of vulnerabilities, which are weaknesses or gaps in the protection of an asset that can be exploited by a threat.
Therefore, the identification of vulnerabilities led Operaze to implement the ISMS.
References:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Implementer Training Course Guide1
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Implementer Info Kit2

質問 # 42
An organization documented each security control that it Implemented by describing their functions in detail.
Is this compliant with ISO/IEC 27001?

• A. No, because the documented information should have a strict format, including the date, version number and author identification
• B. Yes, but documenting each security control and not the process in general will make it difficult to review the documented information
• C. No, the standard requires to document only the operation of processes and controls, so no description of each security control is needed

正解：B

解説：
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 7.5, an organization is required to maintain documented information to support the operation of its processes and to have confidence that the processes are being carried out as planned. This includes documenting the information security policy, the scope of the ISMS, the risk assessment and treatment methodology, the statement of applicability, the risk treatment plan, the information security objectives, and the results of monitoring, measurement, analysis, evaluation, internal audit, and management review. However, the standard does not specify the level of detail or the format of the documented information, as long as it is suitable for the organization's needs and context. Therefore, documenting each security control that is implemented by describing their functions in detail is not a violation of the standard, but it may not be the most efficient or effective way to document the ISMS. Documenting each security control separately may make it harder to review, update, and communicate the documented information, and may also create unnecessary duplication or inconsistency. A better approach would be to document the processes and activities that involve the use of security controls, and to reference the relevant controls from Annex A or other sources. This way, the documented information would be more aligned with the process approach and the Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle that the standard promotes.
References:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection - Information security management systems - Requirements, clauses 4.3, 5.2, 6.1, 6.2, 7.5, 8.2, 8.3, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, and Annex A
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Implementer objectives and content, 4 and 5

質問 # 43
Scenario 4: TradeB. a commercial bank that has just entered the market, accepts deposits from its clients and offers basic financial services and loans for investments. TradeB has decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 Having no experience of a management
[^system implementation, TradeB's top management contracted two experts to direct and manage the ISMS implementation project.
First, the project team analyzed the 93 controls of ISO/IEC 27001 Annex A and listed only the security controls deemed applicable to the company and their objectives Based on this analysis, they drafted the Statement of Applicability. Afterward, they conducted a risk assessment, during which they identified assets, such as hardware, software, and networks, as well as threats and vulnerabilities, assessed potential consequences and likelihood, and determined the level of risks based on three nonnumerical categories (low, medium, and high). They evaluated the risks based on the risk evaluation criteria and decided to treat only the high risk category They also decided to focus primarily on the unauthorized use of administrator rights and system interruptions due to several hardware failures by establishing a new version of the access control policy, implementing controls to manage and control user access, and implementing a control for ICT readiness for business continuity Lastly, they drafted a risk assessment report, in which they wrote that if after the implementation of these security controls the level of risk is below the acceptable level, the risks will be accepted What should TradeB do in order to deal with residual risks? Refer to scenario 4.

• A. TradeB should accept the residual risks only above the acceptance level
• B. TradeB should immediately implement new controls to treat all residual risks
• C. TradeB should evaluate, calculate, and document the value of risk reduction following risk treatment

正解：C

解説：
According to ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 Lead Implementer, residual risk is the risk remaining after risk treatment. Residual risk should be compared with the acceptable level of risk, which is the level of risk that the organization is willing to tolerate. If the residual risk is below the acceptable level of risk, then the risk can be accepted. If the residual risk is above the acceptable level of risk, then additional risk treatment options should be considered. Therefore, TradeB should evaluate, calculate, and document the value of risk reduction following risk treatment, which is the difference between the initial risk and the residual risk. This will help TradeB to determine whether the risk treatment was effective and whether the residual risk is acceptable or not.
References:
* ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 Lead Implementer Study guide and documents, section 8.3.2 Risk treatment
* ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 Lead Implementer Info Kit, page 14, Risk management process

質問 # 44
Kyte. a company that has an online shopping website, has added a Q&A section to its website; however, its Customer Service Department almost never provides answers to users' questions. Which principle of an effective communication strategy has Kyte not followed?

• A. Responsiveness
• B. Appropriateness
• C. Clarity

正解：A

解説：
In the scenario described, Kyte's failure to provide answers to users' questions in the Q&A section of its online shopping website demonstrates a lack of responsiveness. Responsiveness is a key principle of an effective communication strategy, especially in customer service. It involves timely and appropriate reactions to inquiries and feedback, ensuring that customers' concerns and queries are addressed promptly. By not responding, Kyte is not adhering to this principle, potentially affecting customer satisfaction and trust.

質問 # 45
According to scenario 6. Alex used terminology and concepts that were not understood by participants. Which principle of effective communication strategy did Alex NOT follow?

• A. Transparency
• B. Appropriateness
• C. Credibility

正解：B

質問 # 46
Once they made sure that the attackers do not have access in their system, the security administrators decided to proceed with the forensic analysis. They concluded that their access security system was not designed tor threat detection, including the detection of malicious files which could be the cause of possible future attacks.
Based on these findings. Texas H$H inc, decided to modify its access security system to avoid future incidents and integrate an incident management policy in their Information security policy that could serve as guidance for employees on how to respond to similar incidents.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
Texas M&H Inc. decided to integrate the incident management policy to the existent information security policy. How do you define this situation?

• A. Unacceptable, the incident management policy should be drafted as a separate document in order to be clear and effective
• B. Acceptable, but only if the incident management policy addresses environmental, or health and safety issues
• C. Acceptable, the incident management policy may be integrated into the overall information security policy of the organization

正解：C

質問 # 47
A small organization that is implementing an ISMS based on ISO/lEC 27001 has decided to outsource the internal audit function to a third party. Is this acceptable?

• A. No, the outsourcing of the internal audit function may compromise the independence and impartiality of the internal audit team
• B. Yes, outsourcing the internal audit function to a third party is often a better option for small organizations to demonstrate independence and impartiality
• C. No, the organizations cannot outsource the internal audit function to a third party because during internal audit, the organization audits its own system

正解：B

解説：
According to the ISO/IEC 27001:2022 standard, an internal audit is an audit conducted by the organization itself to evaluate the conformity and effectiveness of its information security management system (ISMS).
The standard requires that the internal audit should be performed by auditors who are objective and impartial, meaning that they should not have any personal or professional interest or bias that could influence their judgment or compromise their integrity. The standard also allows the organization to outsource the internal audit function to a third party, as long as the criteria of objectivity and impartiality are met.
Outsourcing the internal audit function to a third party can be a better option for small organizations that may not have enough resources, skills, or experience to perform an internal audit by themselves. By hiring an external auditor, the organization can benefit from the following advantages:
* The external auditor can provide a fresh and independent perspective on the organization's ISMS, identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that may not be apparent to the internal staff.
* The external auditor can bring in specialized knowledge, expertise, and best practices from other organizations and industries, helping the organization to improve its ISMS and achieve its objectives.
* The external auditor can reduce the risk of conflict of interest, bias, or influence that may arise when the internal staff audit their own work or the work of their colleagues.
* The external auditor can save the organization time and money by conducting the internal audit more efficiently and effectively, avoiding duplication of work or unnecessary delays.
Therefore, outsourcing the internal audit function to a third party is acceptable and often preferable for small organizations that are implementing an ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001.
References:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, Clause 9.2, Internal audit
* ISO/IEC 27007:2023, Information technology - Security techniques - Guidelines for information security management systems auditing
* PECB, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 12, Internal audit
* A Complete Guide to an ISO 27001 Internal Audit - Sprinto

質問 # 48
What risk treatment option has Company A implemented if it has required from its employees the change of email passwords at least once every 60 days?

• A. Risk modification
• B. Risk retention
• C. Risk avoidance

正解：A

解説：
Risk modification is one of the four risk treatment options defined by ISO/IEC 27001, which involves applying controls to reduce the likelihood and/or impact of the risk. By requiring its employees to change their email passwords at least once every 60 days, Company A has implemented a risk modification option to reduce the risk of unauthorized access to its email accounts. Changing passwords frequently can make it harder for attackers to guess or crack the passwords, and can limit the damage if a password is compromised.
The other three risk treatment options are:
* Risk avoidance: This option involves eliminating the risk source or discontinuing the activity that causes the risk. For example, Company A could avoid the risk of email compromise by not using email at all, but this would also mean losing the benefits of email communication.
* Risk retention: This option involves accepting the risk and its consequences, either because the risk is too low to justify any treatment, or because the cost of treatment is too high compared to the potential loss. For example, Company A could retain the risk of email compromise by not implementing any security measures, but this would expose the company to potential breaches and reputational damage.
* Risk transfer: This option involves sharing or transferring the risk to a third party, such as an insurer, a supplier, or a partner. For example, Company A could transfer the risk of email compromise by outsourcing its email service to a cloud provider, who would be responsible for the security and availability of the email accounts.
References:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2013, clause 6.1.3: Information security risk treatment
* ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 4: Planning the ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001
* ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 6: Implementing the ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001
* ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 7: Performance evaluation, monitoring and measurement of the ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001
* ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 8: Continual improvement of the ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001
* ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 9: Preparing for the ISMS certification audit
* ISO 27001 Risk Assessment & Risk Treatment: The Complete Guide - Advisera1
* Infosec Risk Treatment for ISO 27001 Requirement 8.3 - ISMS.online2
* ISO 27001 Clause 6.1.3 Information security risk treatment3
* ISO 27001 Risk Treatment Plan - Scrut Automation4

質問 # 49
Org Y. a well-known bank, uses an online banking platform that enables clients to easily and securely access their bank accounts.
To log in. clients are required to enter the one-time authorization code sent to their smartphone.
What can be concluded from this scenario?

• A. Org Y has implemented an integrity control that avoids the involuntary corruption of data
• B. Org Y has implemented a security control that ensures the confidentiality of information
• C. Org Y has incorrectly implemented a security control that could become a vulnerability

正解：B

質問 # 50
Scenario 5: Operaze is a small software development company that develops applications for various companies around the world. Recently, the company conducted a risk assessment to assess the information security risks that could arise from operating in a digital landscape. Using different testing methods, including penetration Resting and code review, the company identified some issues in its ICT systems, including improper user permissions, misconfigured security settings, and insecure network configurations. To resolve these issues and enhance information security, Operaze decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001.
Considering that Operaze is a small company, the entire IT team was involved in the ISMS implementation project. Initially, the company analyzed the business requirements and the internal and external environment, identified its key processes and activities, and identified and analyzed the interested parties In addition, the top management of Operaze decided to Include most of the company's departments within the ISMS scope.
The defined scope included the organizational and physical boundaries. The IT team drafted an information security policy and communicated it to all relevant interested parties In addition, other specific policies were developed to elaborate on security issues and the roles and responsibilities were assigned to all interested parties.
Following that, the HR manager claimed that the paperwork created by ISMS does not justify its value and the implementation of the ISMS should be canceled However, the top management determinedthat this claim was invalid and organized an awareness session to explain the benefits of the ISMS to all interested parties.
Operaze decided to migrate Its physical servers to their virtual servers on third-party infrastructure. The new cloud computing solution brought additional changes to the company Operaze's top management, on the other hand, aimed to not only implement an effective ISMS but also ensure the smooth running of the ISMS operations. In this situation, Operaze's top management concluded that the services of external experts were required to implement their information security strategies. The IT team, on the other hand, decided to initiate a change in the ISMS scope and implemented the required modifications to the processes of the company.
Based on scenario 5. in which category of the interested parties does the MR manager of Operaze belong?

• A. Negatively influenced interested parties, because the HR Department will deal with more documentation
• B. Positively influenced interested parties, because the ISMS will increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the HR Department
• C. Both A and B

正解：A

解説：
According to ISO/IEC 27001, interested parties are those who can affect, be affected by, or perceive themselves to be affected by the organization's information security activities, products, or services.
Interested parties can be classified into four categories based on their influence and interest in the ISMS:
* Positively influenced interested parties: those who benefit from the ISMS and support its implementation and operation
* Negatively influenced interested parties: those who are adversely affected by the ISMS and oppose its implementation and operation
* High-interest interested parties: those who have a strong interest in the ISMS and its outcomes, regardless of their influence
* Low-interest interested parties: those who have a weak interest in the ISMS and its outcomes, regardless of their influence In scenario 5, the HR manager of Operaze belongs to the category of negatively influenced interested parties, because he/she perceives that the ISMS will create more paperwork and documentation for the HR Department, and therefore opposes its implementation and operation. The HR manager does not benefit from the ISMS and does not support its objectives and requirements.
References:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2013, clause 4.2: Understanding the needs and expectations of interested parties
* ISO/IEC 27001:2013, Annex A.18.1.4: Assessment of and decision on information security events
* ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 2: Introduction to Information Security Management System (ISMS) concepts as required by ISO/IEC 27001
* ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 4: Planning the ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001
* ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 6: Implementing the ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001
* ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 7: Performance evaluation, monitoring and measurement of the ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001
* ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 8: Continual improvement of the ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001
* ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 9: Preparing for the ISMS certification audit

質問 # 51
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