最新の2024年04月27日 ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor問題集は学習ガイドは試験合格するための秘訣 [Q30-Q48]

最新の2024年04月27日 ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor問題集は学習ガイドは試験合格するための秘訣

ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor問題集の無料PDFをゲットせよ！最近更新された問題

質問 # 30
You are an experienced audit team leader guiding an auditor in training.
Your team is currently conducting a third-party surveillance audit of an organisation that stores data on behalf of external clients. The auditor in training has been tasked with reviewing the PHYSICAL controls listed in the Statement of Applicability (SoA) and implemented at the site.
Select four controls from the following that would you expect the auditor in training to review.

• A. Information security awareness, education, and training
• B. Access to and from the loading bay
• C. The development and maintenance of an information asset inventory
• D. The organisation's arrangements for maintaining equipment
• E. The operation of the site CCTV and door control systems
• F. The organisation's business continuity arrangements
• G. How power and data cables enter the building
• H. The conducting of verification checks on personnel

正解：B、D、E、G

解説：
Explanation
The four controls from the list that are related to PHYSICAL aspects of the ISMS are:
*Access to and from the loading bay
*How power and data cables enter the building
*The operation of the site CCTV and door control systems
*The organisation's arrangements for maintaining equipment
These controls are derived from the ISO 27001 Annex A, which provides a comprehensive list of information security controls that can be applied to an ISMS1. The other controls in the list are more related to ORGANIZATIONAL, LEGAL, or HUMAN aspects of the ISMS, which are also important, but not the focus of this question.
According to the ISMS Auditing Guideline2, the auditor in training should review the PHYSICAL controls by:
*Checking the SoA to identify the applicable controls and their implementation status
*Interviewing the relevant staff and management to verify their understanding and involvement in the controls
*Observing the physical and environmental conditions to confirm the existence and effectiveness of the controls
*Examining the relevant documents and records to validate the compliance and performance of the controls I hope this helps you prepare for the exam.
References: 1: What Are ISO 27001 Controls? A Guide to Annex A | Secureframe; 2: ISMS Auditing Guideline - ISO27000

質問 # 31
Select the words that best complete the sentence:
To complete the sentence with the word(s) click on the blank section you want to complete so that it is highlighted in red, and then click on the application text from the options below. Alternatively, you may drag and drop the option to the appropriate blank section.

正解：

解説：

Explanation:
competence of the audit team and decision made by the certification body According to ISO/IEC 17021-1, which specifies the requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems, an accredited certification means that the certification body has been evaluated by an accreditation body against recognized standards to demonstrate its competence, impartiality and performance capability1. Therefore, an accredited certification assures the competence of the audit team that conducts the audit in accordance with ISO 19011 and ISO/IEC 27001:2022, and the decision made by the certification body that grants or maintains the certification based on the audit evidence and findings2. References: ISO/IEC
17021-1:2015 - Conformity assessment - Requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems - Part 1: Requirements, ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) | CQI | IRCA

質問 # 32
You are conducting an ISMS audit in the despatch department of an international logistics organisation that provides shipping services to large organisations including local hospitals and government offices. Parcels typically contain pharmaceutical products, biological samples, and documents such as passports and driving licences. You note that the company records show a very large number of returned items with causes including misaddressed labels and, in 15% of cases, two or more labels for different addresses for the one package. You are interviewing the Shipping Manager (SM).
You: Are items checked before being dispatched?
SM: Any obviously damaged items are removed by the duty staff before being dispatched, but the small profit margin makes it uneconomic to implement a formal checking process.
You: What action is taken when items are returned?
SM: Most of these contracts are relatively low value, therefore it has been decided that it is easier and more convenient to simply reprint the label and re-send individual parcels than it is to implement an investigation.
You raise a nonconformity. Referencing the scenario, which three of the following Annex A controls would you expect the auditee to have implemented when you conduct the follow-up audit?

• A. 5.34 Privacy and protection of personal identifiable information (PII)
• B. 5.3 Segregation of duties
• C. 5.32 Intellectual property rights
• D. 5.11 Return of assets
• E. 6.4 Disciplinary process
• F. 5.6 Contact with special interest groups
• G. 6.3 Information security awareness, education, and training
• H. 5.13 Labelling of information

正解：A、G、H

解説：
Explanation
The three Annex A controls that you would expect the auditee to have implemented when you conduct the follow-up audit are:
B: 5.13 Labelling of information
E: 5.34 Privacy and protection of personal identifiable information (PII) G: 6.3 Information security awareness, education, and training B: This control requires the organisation to label information assets in accordance with the information classification scheme, and to handle them accordingly12. This control is relevant for the auditee because it could help them to avoid misaddressing labels and sending parcels to wrong destinations, which could compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the information assets. By labelling the information assets correctly, the auditee could also ensure that they are delivered to the intended recipients and that they are protected from unauthorized access, use, or disclosure.
E: This control requires the organisation to protect the privacy and the rights of individuals whose personal identifiable information (PII) is processed by the organisation, and to comply with the applicable legal and contractual obligations13. This control is relevant for the auditee because it could help them to prevent the unauthorized use of residents' personal data by a supplier, which could violate the privacy and the rights of the residents and their family members, and expose the auditee to legal and reputational risks. By protecting the PII of the residents and their family members, the auditee could also enhance their trust and satisfaction, and avoid complaints and disputes.
G: This control requires the organisation to ensure that all employees and contractors are aware of the information security policy, their roles and responsibilities, and the relevant information security procedures and controls14. This control is relevant for the auditee because it could help them to improve the information security culture and behaviour of their staff, and to reduce the human errors and negligence that could lead to information security incidents. By providing information security awareness, education, and training to their staff, the auditee could also increase their competence and performance, and ensure the effectiveness and efficiency of the information security processes and controls.
References:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 - Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, Annex A 2: ISO/IEC 27002:2022 - Information technology - Security techniques
- Code of practice for information security controls, clause 8.2.1 3: ISO/IEC 27002:2022 - Information technology - Security techniques - Code of practice for information security controls, clause 18.1.4 4:
ISO/IEC 27002:2022 - Information technology - Security techniques - Code of practice for information security controls, clause 7.2.2

質問 # 33
In acceptable use of Information Assets, which is the best practice?

• A. Accessing phone or network transmissions, including wireless or wifi transmissions
• B. Access to information and communication systems are provided for business purpose only
• C. Interfering with or denying service to any user other than the employee's host
• D. Playing any computer games during office hours

正解：B

質問 # 34
Which three of the following options are an advantage of using a sampling plan for the audit?

• A. Implements the audit plan efficiently
• B. Provides a suitable understanding of the ISMS
• C. Use of the plan for consecutive audits
• D. Overrules the auditor's instincts
• E. Misses key issues
• F. Gives confidence in the audit results

正解：A、B、F

解説：
Explanation
According to ISO 19011:2018, which provides guidelines for auditing management systems, a sampling plan is a method for selecting a representative subset of the audit evidence from a defined population1. A sampling plan can have several advantages for the audit, such as providing a suitable understanding of the ISMS by covering its key processes, activities, and controls; implementing the audit plan efficiently by optimizing the use of time and resources; and giving confidence in the audit results by ensuring that the sample is sufficient, reliable, and unbiased1. Therefore, these three options are examples of advantages of using a sampling plan for the audit. The other options are not advantages, but rather disadvantages or risks of using a sampling plan. For example, overruling the auditor's instincts may lead to missing important evidence or issues that are not covered by the sampling plan; using the same plan for consecutive audits may reduce the effectiveness and validity of the audit results; and missing key issues may result from an inadequate or inappropriate sampling plan1. References: ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems

質問 # 35
Select a word from the following options that best completes the sentence:
To complete the sentence with the word(s) click on the blank section you want to complete so that it is highlighted in red, and then click on the application text from the options below. Alternatively, you may drag and drop the option to the appropriate blank section.

正解：

解説：

Explanation

The purpose of a management system audit is to evaluate the performance of an organization's management system.
A management system audit is an independent and systematic analysis and evaluation of a company's overall activities and performances1. It is a valuable tool used to determine the efficiency, functions, accomplishments and achievements of the company1. A management system audit can be conducted against a range of audit criteria, including (but not limited to) requirements set of in existing ISO standards2.
According to ISO 19011:2018, which provides guidelines for auditing management systems, the purpose of an audit is to enable the auditor to provide an audit conclusion that is related to the audit objectives2. The audit objectives are defined by the audit client and may include determining the extent of conformity or nonconformity of the audited management system against the audit criteria, evaluating the ability of the audited management system to ensure that the organization meets applicable statutory, regulatory and contractual requirements, identifying potential improvement opportunities for the audited management system, and facilitating continual improvement of the audited management system2.
Therefore, the correct answer is evaluate, as it best describes the purpose of a management system audit. The other options are not correct because they are not specific enough or do not reflect the intended outcome of an audit. For example, improve implies that the audit itself will enhance the performance of the management system, which is not necessarily true. Manage implies that the audit will control or direct the management system, which is not its role. Research implies that the audit will generate new knowledge or information about the management system, which is not its primary aim.

質問 # 36
After a fire has occurred, what repressive measure can be taken?

• A. Buying in a proper fire insurance policy
• B. Extinguishing the fire after the fire alarm sounds
• C. Repairing all systems after the fire

正解：B

解説：
Explanation
A repressive security measure is a measure that aims to stop or limit an ongoing incident from causing further harm, or to restore normal operations as soon as possible. A repressive security measure can be a policy, a procedure, a device, a technique or an action that responds to an incident and mitigates its consequences.
Extinguishing the fire after the fire alarm sounds is an example of a repressive security measure, because it stops the fire from spreading and damaging more assets or endangering more people. ISO/IEC 27001:2022 defines repressive control as "control that modifies risk by reducing the consequences of an unwanted incident" (see clause 3.38). References: [CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course], ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, [What is Repressive Security?]

質問 # 37
You are an ISMS audit team leader who has been assigned by your certification body to carry out a follow-up audit of a client. You are preparing your audit plan for this audit.
Which two of the following statements are true?

• A. Corrective actions should be reviewed first, followed by corrections and finally opportunities for improvement
• B. Verification should focus on whether any action undertaken taken has been undertaken efficiently
• C. Corrections should be verified first, followed by corrective actions and finally opportunities for improvement
• D. Opportunities for improvement should be verified first, followed by corrections and finally corrective actions
• E. Verification should focus on whether any action undertaken is complete
• F. Verification should focus on whether any action undertaken has been undertaken effectively

正解：E、F

解説：
According to ISO 27001:2022 clause 9.1.2, the organisation shall conduct internal audits at planned intervals to provide information on whether the information security management system conforms to the organisation's own requirements, the requirements of ISO 27001:2022, and is effectively implemented and maintained12 According to ISO 27001:2022 clause 10.1, the organisation shall react to the nonconformities and take action, as applicable, to control and correct them and deal with the consequences. The organisation shall also evaluate the need for action to eliminate the causes of nonconformities, in order to prevent recurrence or occurrence.
The organisation shall implement any action needed, review the effectiveness of any corrective action taken, and make changes to the information security management system, if necessary12 A follow-up audit is a type of internal audit that is conducted after a previous audit to verify whether the nonconformities and corrective actions have been addressed and resolved, and whether the information security management system has been improved12 Therefore, the following statements are true for preparing a follow-up audit plan:
* Verification should focus on whether any action undertaken is complete. This means that the auditor should check whether the organisation has implemented all the planned actions to correct and prevent the nonconformities, and whether the actions have been documented and communicated as required12
* Verification should focus on whether any action undertaken has been undertaken effectively. This means that the auditor should check whether the organisation has achieved the intended results and objectives of the actions, and whether the actions have eliminated or reduced the nonconformities and their causes and consequences12 The following statements are false for preparing a follow-up audit plan:
* Verification should focus on whether any action undertaken has been undertaken efficiently. This is false because efficiency is not a criterion for verifying the actions taken to address the nonconformities and corrective actions. Efficiency refers to the optimal use of resources to achieve the desired outcomes, but it is not a requirement of ISO 27001:2022. The auditor should focus on the effectiveness and completeness of the actions, not on the efficiency12
* Corrections should be verified first, followed by corrective actions and finally opportunities for improvement. This is false because there is no prescribed order for verifying the corrections, corrective actions, and opportunities for improvement. The auditor should verify all the actions taken by the organisation, regardless of their sequence or priority. The auditor may choose to verify the actions based on their relevance, significance, or impact, but this is not a mandatory requirement12
* Opportunities for improvement should be verified first, followed by corrections and finally corrective actions. This is false because there is no prescribed order for verifying the opportunities for improvement, corrections, and corrective actions. The auditor should verify all the actions taken by the organisation, regardless of their sequence or priority. The auditor may choose to verify the actions based on their relevance, significance, or impact, but this is not a mandatory requirement12
* Corrective actions should be reviewed first, followed by corrections and finally opportunities for improvement. This is false because there is no prescribed order for reviewing the corrective actions, corrections, and opportunities for improvement. The auditor should review all the actions taken by the organisation, regardless of their sequence or priority. The auditor may choose to review the actions based on their relevance, significance, or impact, but this is not a mandatory requirement12 References:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) Course by CQI and IRCA Certified Training 1 2: ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Training Course by PECB 2

質問 # 38
The following options are key actions involved in a first-party audit. Order the stages to show the sequence in which the actions should take place.

正解：

解説：

質問 # 39
What controls can you do to protect sensitive data in your computer when you go out for lunch?

• A. You are confident to leave your computer screen as is since a password protected screensaver is installed and it is set to activate after 10 minutes of inactivity
• B. You lock your computer by pressing Windows+L or CTRL-ALT-DELETE and then click "Lock Computer".
• C. You activate your favorite screen-saver
• D. You turn off the monitor

正解：B

解説：
You should lock your computer by pressing Windows+L or CTRL-ALT-DELETE and then click "Lock Computer", because this is the most effective way to protect sensitive data in your computer when you go out for lunch. By locking your computer, you are preventing unauthorized access to your computer and its contents, as well as complying with the organization's access control policy and information security policy. Locking your computer requires a password or a biometric authentication to unlock it, which adds a layer of security to your data. The other options are not sufficient or reliable, as they do not prevent someone from accessing your computer or viewing your screen. Reference: [CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course], ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, How to lock your PC

質問 # 40
Which two options are benefits of third-party accredited certification of information security management systems to ISO/IEC 27001:2022 for organisations and interested parties?

• A. Third-party accredited certification demonstrates that the organisation complies with the legal and legislation requirements expected by interested parties
• B. Third-party accredited certification demonstrates that the organisation's ICT products are secured and certified
• C. Third-party accredited certification demonstrates the organisation's management system adopted a systematic approach to information security
• D. Third-party accredited certification makes sure the organisation will obtain more customers
• E. Third-party accredited certification makes sure the organisation's IT system will be protected from external interference
• F. Third-party accredited certification demonstrates that the organisation's management system is maintained and effective

正解：C、F

解説：
Third-party accredited certification of information security management systems to ISO/IEC 27001:2022 provides assurance to organisations and interested parties that the organisation's management system is maintained and effective, meaning that it conforms to the requirements of the standard, meets the organisation's objectives and policies, and addresses the risks and opportunities related to information security. Third-party accredited certification also demonstrates that the organisation's management system adopted a systematic approach to information security, meaning that it follows the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle, applies the risk-based thinking principle, and considers the context and needs of the organisation and its stakeholders

質問 # 41
You are carrying out your first third-party ISMS surveillance audit as an Audit Team Leader. You are presently in the auditee's data centre with another member of your audit team.
You are currently in a large room that is subdivided into several smaller rooms, each of which has a numeric combination lock and swipe card reader on the door. You notice two external contractors using a swipe card and combination number provided by the centre's reception desk to gain access to a client's suite to carry out authorised electrical repairs.
You go to reception and ask to see the door access record for the client's suite. This indicates only one card was swiped. You ask the receptionist and they reply, "yes it's a common problem. We ask everyone to swipe their cards but with contractors especially, one tends to swipe and the rest simply 'tailgate' their way in" but we know who they are from the reception sign-in.
Based on the scenario above which one of the following actions would you now take?

• A. Determine whether any additional effective arrangements are in place to verify individual access to secure areas e.g. CCTV
• B. Raise an opportunity for improvement to have a large sign in reception reminding everyone requiring access must use their swipe card at all times
• C. Raise a nonconformity against control A.7.2 'physical entry' as a secure area is not adequately protected
• D. Raise an opportunity for improvement that contractors must be accompanied at all times when accessing secure facilities
• E. Tell the organisation they must write to their contractors, reminding them of the need to use access cards appropriately
• F. Raise a nonconformity against control A.5.20 'addressing information security in supplier relationships' as information security requirements have not been agreed upon with the supplier
• G. Take no action. Irrespective of any recommendations, contractors will always act in this way
• H. Raise a nonconformity against control A.7.6 'working in secure areas' as security measures for working in secure areas have not been defined

正解：C

解説：
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which specifies the requirements for establishing, implementing, maintaining and continually improving an information security management system (ISMS), control A.7.2 requires an organization to implement appropriate physical entry controls to prevent unauthorized access to secure areas1. The organization should define and document the criteria for granting and revoking access rights to secure areas, and should monitor and record the use of such access rights1. Therefore, when auditing the organization's application of control A.7.2, an ISMS auditor should verify that these aspects are met in accordance with the audit criteria.
Based on the scenario above, the auditor should raise a nonconformity against control A.7.2, as the secure area is not adequately protected from unauthorized access. The auditor should provide the following evidence and justification for the nonconformity:
* Evidence: The auditor observed two external contractors using a swipe card and combination number provided by the centre's reception desk to gain access to a client's suite to carry out authorized electrical repairs. The auditor checked the door access record for the client's suite and found that only one card was swiped. The auditor asked the receptionist and was told that it was a common problem that contractors tend to swipe one card and tailgate their way in, but they were known from the reception sign-in.
* Justification: This evidence indicates that the organization has not implemented appropriate physical entry controls to prevent unauthorized access to secure areas, as required by control A.7.2. The organization has not defined and documented the criteria for granting and revoking access rights to secure areas, as there is no verification or authorization process for providing swipe cards and combination numbers to external contractors. The organization has not monitored and recorded the use of access rights to secure areas, as there is no mechanism to ensure that each individual swipes their card and enters their combination number before entering a secure area. The organization has relied on the reception sign-in as a means of identification, which is not sufficient or reliable for ensuring information security.
The other options are not valid actions for auditing control A.7.2, as they are not related to the control or its requirements, or they are not appropriate or effective for addressing the nonconformity. For example:
* Take no action: This option is not valid because it implies that the auditor ignores or accepts the nonconformity, which is contrary to the audit principles and objectives of ISO 19011:20182, which provides guidelines for auditing management systems.
* Raise a nonconformity against control A.5.20 'addressing information security in supplier relationships' as information security requirements have not been agreed upon with the supplier: This option is not valid because it does not address the root cause of the nonconformity, which is related to physical entry controls, not supplier relationships. Control A.5.20 requires an organization to agree on information security requirements with suppliers that may access, process, store, communicate or provide IT infrastructure components for its information assets1. While this control may be relevant for ensuring information security in supplier relationships, it does not address the issue of unauthorized access to secure areas by external contractors.
* Raise a nonconformity against control A.7.6 'working in secure areas' as security measures for working in secure areas have not been defined: This option is not valid because it does not address the root cause of the nonconformity, which is related to physical entry controls, not working in secure areas. Control A.7.6 requires an organization to define and apply security measures for working in secure areas1.
While this control may be relevant for ensuring information security when working in secure areas, it does not address the issue of unauthorized access to secure areas by external contractors.
* Determine whether any additional effective arrangements are in place to verify individual access to secure areas e.g. CCTV: This option is not valid because it does not address or resolve the nonconformity, but rather attempts to find alternative or compensating controls that may mitigate its impact or likelihood. While additional arrangements such as CCTV may be useful for verifying individual access to secure areas, they do not replace or substitute the requirement for appropriate physical entry controls as specified by control A.7.2.
* Raise an opportunity for improvement that contractors must be accompanied at all times when accessing secure facilities: This option is not valid because it does not address or resolve the nonconformity, but rather suggests a possible improvement action that may prevent or reduce its recurrence or severity.
* While accompanying contractors at all times when accessing secure facilities may be a good practice for ensuring information security, it does not replace or substitute the requirement for appropriate physical entry controls as specified by control A.7.2.
* Raise an opportunity for improvement to have a large sign in reception reminding everyone requiring access must use their swipe card at all times: This option is not valid because it does not address or resolve the nonconformity, but rather suggests a possible improvement action that may increase awareness or compliance with the existing controls. While having a large sign in reception reminding everyone requiring access must use their swipe card at all times may be a helpful reminder for ensuring information security, it does not replace or substitute the requirement for appropriate physical entry controls as specified by control A.7.2.
* Tell the organisation they must write to their contractors, reminding them of the need to use access cards appropriately: This option is not valid because it does not address or resolve the nonconformity, but rather instructs the organization to take a corrective action that may not be effective or sufficient for ensuring information security. While writing to contractors, reminding them of the need to use access cards appropriately may be a communication measure for ensuring information security, it does not replace or substitute the requirement for appropriate physical entry controls as specified by control A.7.2.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 - Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems

質問 # 42
You are performing an ISMS initial certification audit at a residential nursing home that provides healthcare services. The next step in your audit plan is to conduct the closing meeting. During the final audit team meeting, as an audit team leader, you agree to report 2 minor nonconformities and 1 opportunity for improvement as below:

Select one option of the recommendation to the audit programme manager you are going to advise to the auditee at the closing meeting.

• A. Recommend that an unannounced audit is carried out at a future date
• B. Recommend certification immediately
• C. Recommend that a full scope re-audit is required within 6 months
• D. Recommend certification after your approval of the proposed corrective action plan Recommend that the findings can be closed out at a surveillance audit in 1 year
• E. Recommend that a partial audit is required within 3 months

正解：D

解説：
According to ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015, which specifies the requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems, clause 9.4.9 requires the certification body to make a certification decision based on the information obtained during the audit and any other relevant information1. The certification body should also consider the effectiveness of the corrective actions taken by the auditee to address any nonconformities identified during the audit1. Therefore, when making a recommendation to the audit programme manager, an ISMS auditor should consider the nature and severity of the nonconformities and the proposed corrective actions.
Based on the scenario above, the auditor should recommend certification after their approval of the proposed corrective action plan and recommend that the findings can be closed out at a surveillance audit in 1 year. The auditor should provide the following justification for their recommendation:
Justification: This recommendation is appropriate because it reflects the fact that the auditee has only two minor nonconformities and one opportunity for improvement, which do not indicate a significant or systemic failure of their ISMS. A minor nonconformity is defined as a failure to achieve one or more requirements of ISO/IEC 27001:2022 or a situation which raises significant doubt about the ability of an ISMS process to achieve its intended output, but does not affect its overall effectiveness or conformity2. An opportunity for improvement is defined as a suggestion for improvement beyond what is required by ISO/IEC 27001:20222. Therefore, these findings do not prevent or preclude certification, as long as they are addressed by appropriate corrective actions within a reasonable time frame. The auditor should approve the proposed corrective action plan before recommending certification, to ensure that it is realistic, achievable, and effective. The auditor should also recommend that the findings can be closed out at a surveillance audit in 1 year, to verify that the corrective actions have been implemented and are working as intended.
The other options are not valid recommendations for the audit programme manager, as they are either too lenient or too strict for the given scenario. For example:
Recommend certification immediately: This option is not valid because it implies that the auditor ignores or accepts the nonconformities, which is contrary to the audit principles and objectives of ISO
19011:20182, which provides guidelines for auditing management systems. It also contradicts the requirement of ISO/IEC 17021-1:20151, which requires the certification body to consider the effectiveness of the corrective actions taken by the auditee before making a certification decision.
Recommend that a full scope re-audit is required within 6 months: This option is not valid because it implies that the auditor overreacts or exaggerates the nonconformities, which is contrary to the audit principles and objectives of ISO 19011:20182. It also contradicts the requirement of ISO/IEC
17021-1:20151, which requires the certification body to determine whether a re-audit is necessary based on the nature and extent of nonconformities and other relevant factors. A full scope re-audit is usually reserved for major nonconformities or multiple minor nonconformities that indicate a serious or widespread failure of an ISMS.
Recommend that an unannounced audit is carried out at a future date: This option is not valid because it implies that the auditor distrusts or doubts the auditee's commitment or capability to implement corrective actions, which is contrary to the audit principles and objectives of ISO 19011:20182. It also contradicts the requirement of ISO/IEC 17021-1:20151, which requires the certification body to conduct unannounced audits only under certain conditions, such as when there are indications of serious problems with an ISMS or when required by sector-specific schemes.
Recommend that a partial audit is required within 3 months: This option is not valid because it implies that the auditor imposes or prescribes a specific time frame or scope for verifying corrective actions, which is contrary to the audit principles and objectives of ISO 19011:20182. It also contradicts the requirement of ISO/IEC 17021-1:20151, which requires the certification body to determine whether a partial audit is necessary based on the nature and extent of nonconformities and other relevant factors. A partial audit may be appropriate for minor nonconformities, but the time frame and scope should be agreed upon with the auditee and based on the proposed corrective action plan.
References: ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015 - Conformity assessment - Requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems - Part 1: Requirements, ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems

質問 # 43
A hacker gains access to a webserver and can view a file on the server containing credit card numbers.
Which of the Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability (CIA) principles of the credit card file are violated?

• A. Integrity
• B. Confidentiality
• C. Availability
• D. Compliance

正解：B

質問 # 44
Availability means

• A. Service should be accessible at the required time and usable only by the authorized entity
• B. Service should not be accessible when required
• C. Service should be accessible at the required time and usable by all

正解：A

解説：
Availability means that service should be accessible at the required time and usable only by the authorized entity. Availability is one of the three main objectives of information security, along with confidentiality and integrity. Availability ensures that information and systems are not disrupted or denied by unauthorized actions or events. Reference: : CQI & IRCA ISO 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Course Handbook, page 24. : ISO/IEC 27001 Brochures | PECB, page 4.

質問 # 45
An administration office is going to determine the dangers to which it is exposed.
What do we call a possible event that can have a disruptive effect on the reliability of information?

• A. vulnerability
• B. dependency
• C. risk
• D. threat

正解：D

解説：
Explanation
A possible event that can have a disruptive effect on the reliability of information is a threat. A threat is anything that has the potential to harm an asset or its protection, such as a natural disaster, a human error, a malicious attack, etc. A threat can exploit a vulnerability or weakness in an asset or its protection and cause an adverse impact on the confidentiality, integrity or availability of information. ISO/IEC 27001:2022 defines threat as "potential cause of an unwanted incident, which can result in harm to a system or organization" (see clause 3.48). References: [CQI & IRCA Certified ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Training Course], ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements, What is Threat?

質問 # 46
You are conducting an ISMS audit in the despatch department of an international logistics organisation that provides shipping services to large organisations including local hospitals and government offices. Parcels typically contain pharmaceutical products, biological samples, and documents such as passports and driving licences. You note that the company records show a very large number of returned items with causes including mis-addressed labels and, in 15% of company cases, two or more labels for different addresses for the one package. You are interviewing the Shipping Manager (SM).
You: Are items checked before being dispatched?
SH: Any obviously damaged items are removed by the duty staff before being dispatched, but the small profit margin makes it uneconomic to implement a formal checking process.
You: What action is taken when items are returned?
SM: Most of these contracts are relatively low value, therefore it has been decided that it is easier and more convenient to simply reprint the label and re-send individual parcels than it is to implement an investigation.
You raise a nonconformity. Referencing the scenario, which six of the following Appendix A controls would you expect the auditee to have implemented when you conduct the follow-up audit?

• A. 5.3 Segregation of duties
• B. 7.4 Physical security monitoring
• C. 5.32 Intellectual property rights
• D. 8.12 Data leakage protection
• E. 7.10 Storage media
• F. 5.11 Return of assets
• G. 8.3 Information access restriction
• H. 6.4 Disciplinary process
• I. 5.6 Contact with special interest groups
• J. 6.3 Information security awareness, education, and training
• K. 5.13 Labelling of information

正解：B、D、E、G、J、K

解説：
Explanation
B: 8.12 Data leakage protection. This is true because the auditee should have implemented measures to prevent unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information, such as personal data, medical records, or official documents, that are contained in the parcels. Data leakage protection could include encryption, authentication, access control, logging, and monitoring of data transfers12.
D: 6.3 Information security awareness, education, and training. This is true because the auditee should have ensured that all employees and contractors involved in the shipping process are aware of the information security policies and procedures, and have received appropriate training on how to handle and protect the information assets in their custody. Information security awareness, education, and training could include induction programmes, periodic refreshers, awareness campaigns, e-learning modules, and feedback mechanisms13.
E: 7.10 Storage media. This is true because the auditee should have implemented controls to protect the storage media that contain information assets from unauthorized access, misuse, theft, loss, or damage. Storage media could include paper documents, optical disks, magnetic tapes, flash drives, or hard disks14. Storage media controls could include physical locks, encryption, backup, disposal, or destruction14.
F: 8.3 Information access restriction. This is true because the auditee should have implemented controls to restrict access to information assets based on the principle of least privilege and the need-to-know basis. Information access restriction could include identification, authentication, authorization, accountability, and auditability of users and systems that access information assets15.
I: 7.4 Physical security monitoring. This is true because the auditee should have implemented controls to monitor the physical security of the premises where information assets are stored or processed. Physical security monitoring could include CCTV cameras, alarms, sensors, guards, or patrols16. Physical security monitoring could help detect and deter unauthorized physical access or intrusion attempts16.
J: 5.13 Labelling of information. This is true because the auditee should have implemented controls to label information assets according to their classification level and handling instructions. Labelling of information could include markings, tags, stamps, stickers, or barcodes1 . Labelling of information could help identify and protect information assets from unauthorized disclosure or misuse1 .
References :=
ISO/IEC 27002:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Code of practice for information security controls ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements ISO/IEC 27003:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Guidance ISO/IEC 27004:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Monitoring measurement analysis and evaluation ISO/IEC 27005:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Information security risk management ISO/IEC 27006:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of information security management systems
[ISO/IEC 27007:2022 Information technology - Security techniques - Guidelines for information security management systems auditing]

質問 # 47
Which of the following is a technical security measure?

• A. Security policy
• B. Encryption
• C. User role profiles.
• D. Safe storage of backups

正解：B

解説：
A technical security measure is a measure that uses technology to protect information assets from unauthorized access, modification, disclosure, or destruction. Examples of technical security measures include encryption, firewalls, antivirus software, authentication systems, and access control mechanisms. Encryption is a technical security measure that transforms information into an unreadable format using a secret key or algorithm. Encryption protects the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information by preventing unauthorized parties from accessing or altering it. Therefore, encryption is the correct answer to this question. Reference: ISO/IEC 27000:2022, clause 3.48; ISO/IEC 27002:2022, clause 10.1.

質問 # 48
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