最新版を今すぐ試そう！[2025年04月] 試験準備には欠かさない！L4M6問題集
有能な受験者がシミュレーション済みのL4M6試験PDF問題を試そう
質問 # 58
In the public sector, there are many sources of information that a buyer can use to identify a suitable supplier. Which of the following could be used? Select THREE
- A. Internal stakeholders' knowledge
- B. Intranet
- C. Tradeshows
- D. Procurement Platforms
- E. OJEU
正解：A、C、D
解説：
The correct answers are; tradeshows, internal stakeholders' knowledge and e-procurement platforms. Intranet is incorrect as this is an internal system so you wouldn't find information on external suppliers on here the careful not to confuse intranet with internet). OJEU is also incorrect; this is the platform on which tender opportunities in the public sector are published- its not a list of suppliers.
質問 # 59
What is collaborative inertia?
- A. Where a third party is invited to join a partnership.
- B. A situation when the apparent output from collaboration is considerably less than expected
- C. When a partnership is unable to create new ideas
- D. the concept that the value and performance of two companies combined will be greater than the sum of the separate individual parts
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is 'A situation when the apparent output from collaboration is considerably less than expected'. This is verbatim the definition given in the study guide on p.166 A synergy is the concept that the value and performance of two companies combined will be greater than the sum of the separate individual parts.
質問 # 60
A company has just hired a new cleaning firm to clean their offices. The specification for the clean was detailed in an appendix in the contract and included a list of pre-approved products that the cleaning firm should use. The cleaners that were sent to site had not read the contract and therefore did not use the appropriate products. What is the reason for the failure of this?
- A. Communication overload
- B. Miscommunication
- C. Distortion of the facts
- D. Poor communication
正解：D
解説：
This is an example of poor-communication. The information was not passed from the person who signed the contract to the staff on site who were to do the cleaning. See p.158 on communication issues.
質問 # 61
In the public sector, there are many sources of information that a buyer can use to identify a suitable supplier.
Which of the following could be used? Select THREE
- A. Internal stakeholders' knowledge
- B. Intranet
- C. Tradeshows
- D. Procurement Platforms
- E. OJEU
正解：A、C、D
解説：
The correct answers are; tradeshows, internal stakeholders' knowledge and e-procurement platforms. Intranet is incorrect as this is an internal system so you wouldn't find information on external suppliers on here the careful not to confuse intranet with internet). OJEU is also incorrect; this is the platform on which tender opportunities in the public sector are published- its not a list of suppliers.
質問 # 62
Which of the following are elements of a business that can develop a company's competitive advantage?
Select THREE.
- A. human resource management
- B. cost focus
- C. natural resources
- D. organisation culture
- E. cost leadership
正解：A、C、D
解説：
This is one of those questions you have to read carefully- it asks for 'elements of a business'. Cost focus and cost leadership are ways a company can improve their competitive advantage, but they're not elements of a business. The other three options are. Porter created a list of elements of a business that can help a company's competitive advantage- these can be found on p.33-34
質問 # 63
Kyle Grant is a procurement director at ATSS Ltd and has introduced a new policy within the procurement function. The policy requires the procurement function to obtain quotations from multiple suppliers if a contract is worth over £10,000. What is the primary aim of this policy?
- A. To ensure value for money is achieved
- B. To enable a reduction in competition
- C. To deliver an agile process
- D. To allow procurement to select the lowest price
正解：A
解説：
Obtaining multiple quotations ensures value for money by comparing suppliers based on cost, quality, and other criteria. It promotes competitive pricing and informed decision-making.
質問 # 64
Which of the following statements are true of a market place which is considered a 'perfect competition'? Select TWO.
- A. suppliers are selling differentiated products
- B. there are no barriers to entry
- C. competition is not strong
- D. competition is at its highest level possible
正解：B、D
解説：
In a 'perfect competition' there are no barriers to entry or exit, and competition is at its highest possible level. For more information on different types of market see p.40
質問 # 65
What are the relationship characteristics of a Partnership?
- A. Short-term focus and one-off transactions
- B. An adversarial relationship
- C. Focus on price competitiveness
- D. Sharing ideas and risk
正解：D
解説：
Partnerships emphasize collaboration, shared risks, and mutual benefits. Unlike adversarial or transactional relationships, they focus on long-term goals and joint value creation.
質問 # 66
Red Manufacturing work with around 40 different suppliers. One of these suppliers is Blue Business. Red Manufacturing order regularly from Blue Business, and have never had any issues with their performance. The materials Blue Business supply are of low value and there are several other suppliers of these materials in the market. What type of relationship should Red Manufacturing seek to have with Blue Manufacturing?
- A. arms-length
- B. single-source
- C. adversarial
- D. partnership
正解：A
解説：
The correct answer is 'arms length'. This is a tactical purchase (as it is low value) and keeping the supplier at arms-length means that Red Manufacturing could possibly exploit them to reduce their prices (think back to the Kraljic matrix and where Blue Business would likely fall). A Partnership or Single- Source relationship requires investment into the relationship, and as the products are low value and Red Manufacturing have a lot of other suppliers, they should not be investing time in developing that relationship with Blue Business. An adversarial relationship wouldn't be advantageous as it may lower the performance of the supplier. See the relationship spectrum on p.5 - this is a hot topic for the exam
質問 # 67
Which of the following tender processes available to a buyer involves a Pre-Qualification Questionnaire (PQQ) to identify, assess, and create a shortlist of suppliers being invited to the Invitation to Tender (ITT) stage? Select TWO that apply.
- A. Mini-Competition Procedure
- B. Open Procedure
- C. Competitive Bidding Procedure
- D. Restricted Procedure
- E. Two-stage Procedure
正解：D、E
解説：
The Restricted and Two-stage procedures involve a PQQ stage to shortlist suppliers before issuing an ITT.
This approach is common for contracts requiring stringent supplier qualifications.
質問 # 68
Andrew runs a factory that makes cakes. Vanilla Extract is a vital ingredient in Andrew's cakes and this is a monopolistic market. Andrew has noticed recently that the quality of the supplier's product has reduced, and this has led to several complaints from customers. Andrew is considering entering into a Partnership with this supplier as he believes this will help increase the supplier's performance. Is this the correct thing to do?
- A. No- Andrew should use an alternative supplier
- B. Yes- partnership sourcing will improve sales figures
- C. Yes- partnership sourcing can improve performance which will ultimately satisfy the end customer
- D. No- Andrew should outsource the vanilla extract.
正解：C
解説：
The correct answer is 'Yes- partnership sourcing can improve performance which will ultimately satisfy the end customer'. The important thing to note in this Question: is the word 'monopolistic'. This means that there are no alternative suppliers- so the 'no' options are wrong- there are no alternative suppliers and no opportunity to outsource. The other answer is incorrect as sales figures isn't Andrew's concern - it's the complaints and quality of the product. Improving performance to satisfy end customers is therefore his main driver for considering a Partnership. See p. 127 for more information on Drivers of Partnership Sourcing. This comes up a lot in the exam
質問 # 69
Cigarettes and alcohol are often described as having an 'inelastic price'. What does this mean?
- A. The product is subject to age restrictions
- B. Changes in price will not affect how much of the item is bought
- C. The product is subject to high rates of tax
- D. Changes in price will greatly affect how much of the item is bought
正解：B
解説：
A product with an 'inelastic price' means that consumption doesn't really depend on how much it costs. So you could increase the price of alcohol and cigarettes and people would tend to still buy them. A product with an elastic price means that a change in price would have a large affect on the number of people who bought the item. See p.95 for more details on price elasticity.
質問 # 70
Danny is procuring a new IT software, which he doesn't know much about. He has done a bit of research on the internet but is still unsure how much he can expect to pay. What should be Danny's next step?
- A. Issue a RFQ
- B. Issue an ITT
- C. Issue a RFI
- D. Issue an OJEU
正解：C
解説：
Danny should issue a RFI (Request for Information). His next step would be to find out more about the products available by asking suppliers for information- this will help him put a spec together before he goes out to tender. The other options mean; RFQ - request for quotation- when you ask suppliers to submit a price.
ITT- Invitation to tender - a document you send out to suppliers which details all the information about the tender (this usually involves both price and quality components of assessment). OJEU- Official Journal of the European Union- where tenders for the Public Sector are published. For more info on RFI see p.74
質問 # 71
Which of the following statements are true of a market place which is considered a 'perfect competition'?
Select TWO.
- A. suppliers are selling differentiated products
- B. there are no barriers to entry
- C. competition is not strong
- D. competition is at its highest level possible
正解：B、D
解説：
In a 'perfect competition' there are no barriers to entry or exit, and competition is at its highest possible level.
For more information on different types of market see p.40
質問 # 72
ABC is a company which sources a vital component from a supplier. There are only a few suppliers in the industry and without this component, ABC would not be able to produce their final product. What type of relationship should ABC seek to develop with their supplier?
- A. strategic alliance
- B. arms length
- C. outsource
- D. transactional
正解：A
解説：
As the component is vital to their business, ABC should seek a collaborative relationship with the supplier. There are three types of collaborative relationship (co-destiny, partnership and strategic alliance). Of these only strategic-alliance is given as an option. Remember - strategic purchase = collaborative relationship with supplier. There are many questions on the Relationship Spectrum on the exam. See p.5 for more details
質問 # 73
Which of the following relationship types are characterised by low levels of trust? Select TWO options
- A. Single- Sourced
- B. Adversarial
(Correct) - C. Arm's Length
- D. Outsourced
- E. Partnership
正解：B、C
解説：
Adversarial and Arm's Length relationships have low levels of trust. Single Source, Partnership and Outsourcing require high level of trust. See p.5 for the Supplier Relationship Spectrum
質問 # 74
Tim manages the procurement department at a large retailer. He wants to ensure that his team are achieving value for money in their procurement activities. Which of the following should Tim set up?
- A. Contract
- B. Audit
- C. ITT
- D. Framework
正解：B
解説：
Tim should do an audit. P.71 of the textbook says "to ensure that a procurement department is achieving value for money, an audit should be undertaken"
質問 # 75
Construct Builders Ltd works very closely with a supplier called Solid Timber Co on house-building projects.
They have a very close working relationship, sharing investment, setting pricing levels, and looking at sharing resources. The two companies also work closely together to set strategic directions and explore new markets for long-term growth. There is no formal contract in place between the two companies. Using the relationship spectrum, what relationship does this scenario best describe?
- A. Constructive
- B. Transactional
- C. Partnership
- D. Co-operative
正解：C
解説：
The relationship reflects a partnership due to the strategic alignment, resource sharing, and focus on long-term growth, even without a formal contract. CIPS highlights that partnerships are based on trust and collaboration.
質問 # 76
Which of the following are valid strategies for dealing with conflict? Select THREE
- A. Collaborating
- B. Collecting
- C. Compromising
- D. Contesting
- E. Competing
正解：A、C、E
解説：
The three right answers are competing, collaborating and compromising. See the Thomas Kilmann Model on p.87. There are quite a few questions on this in the exam.
質問 # 77
Under what circumstances should a competitive tender not be completed? Select TWO.
- A. When the items are of high value
- B. When there is not a clear specification
- C. When there is a clear specifications
- D. When the items are of low value
正解：B、D
解説：
Note the word 'NOT' in the question. In order for a competitive tender to be successful, there should be a clear specification in place (i.e. you need to know what you want, in order for suppliers to bid for it).
Competitive tendering should also only be used for high value purchases; it's time consuming to do, so you wouldn't do it for low value items such as pens for the office. Therefore the correct answer to this question is
'items are of low value' and 'there isn't a clear specification'. There's a useful table on p.73 of when you would and wouldn't use a competitive tender.
質問 # 78
In public sector procurement, according to EU legislation, certain items must be procured via open- competition. What type of items are these?
- A. Items that are imported from outside the EU
- B. Items that are produced by lots of suppliers
- C. Items of strategic importance
- D. Items of high value
正解：D
解説：
The correct answer is 'items of high value'. This links into the EU procurement principle of 'Proportionality' meaning that the procurement process must be proportionate to the value of the contract. Therefore, high value contracts must be procured via competition. What is considered 'high value' is decided by 'thresholds'.
These are amended every 2 years to account for inflation etc, but you don't need to know what the thresholds are for this exam. P.75
質問 # 79
Which of the following is an advantage for the suppler of entering into a partnership with a buyer?
- A. They no longer have to try as hard to win business.
- B. They may gain an increased volume of business
- C. The Intellectual Property Rights of the buyer become yours
- D. There is more flexibility when selling the product
正解：B
解説：
The correct answer is 'They may gain an increased volume of business'. The other options are just not true. See p.130 for advantages and disadvantages of partnerships from both the buyer and supplier's perspective. This is a hot topic for the exam.
質問 # 80
A common reason attributed to many partnerships failing is ...
- A. Not winning every contract they bid for
- B. No contract being in place
- C. Poor communication
- D. A bad advertising campaign
正解：C
解説：
Poor communication leads to misunderstandings, unmet expectations, and conflict, undermining partnerships.
CIPS stresses the importance of transparent and regular communication to ensure alignment and success.
質問 # 81
Joseph works as a category manager for a large electricity supply company. His company is one of six electricity companies in the country. All have a high annual spend on the same specifications of cable. There are only five cable manufacturers capable of supplying the cables. Joseph has established all the suppliers use the same raw materials using the same types of manufacturing lines. Prices tendered by all suppliers are very similar. After paying for the cable, Joseph's company spends an additional 25% on moving and installing the cable. In order to enable Joseph to gain advantage over the other electricity companies, which type of supplier relationship should he adopt?
- A. Single-sourced
- B. Closer tactical
- C. Transactional
- D. Partnership
正解：D
解説：
A partnership relationship allows Joseph to collaborate with suppliers on cost savings in manufacturing, logistics, and installation, providing a competitive edge over rival companies.
質問 # 82
A partnership was created between a company and one of its local suppliers when the managing directors of each company met and thought partnering could be a good idea. No other departments were included in the discussions. The partnership has been in place for over a year, but neither of the companies has achieved any additional benefits. The company has been unable to offer any increased business to the supplier, and the supplier has been unable to improve on the quality of its products. The partnership is going to be terminated.
What is a possible main reason for the failure of the partnership?
- A. Poor planning
- B. Cultural differences
- C. Market changes
- D. Distance barrier
正解：A
解説：
Partnerships require careful planning, including alignment of goals, stakeholder involvement, and clear expectations. Poor planning leads to unmet objectives and lack of value generation, as highlighted by CIPS.
質問 # 83
......
CIPS L4M6 認定試験に合格することは、候補者がサプライヤー関係管理に堅固な理解を持ち、効果的にサプライヤー関係を管理できることを示しています。この認定は世界的に認められ、調達およびサプライチェーン産業の雇用主に高く評価されています。試験に合格した候補者は、CIPS L4M6サプライヤー関係証明書を授与され、プロフェッショナル開発へのコミットメントと調達およびサプライチェーン管理の専門知識を証明します。
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