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PMI CAPM認定試験を受験するためには、高校卒業証書または同等の資格を持ち、23時間の正式なプロジェクト管理教育を修了している必要があります。また、4年制の学位またはグローバルで同等の資格を持つ人は、正式なプロジェクト管理教育を受けることなく試験を受験することができます。認定は5年間有効であり、その後は再認定を行う必要があります。全体的に、PMI CAPM認定試験は、プロジェクト管理に新しく取り組む人やキャリアを進めたい人にとって優れたスタート地点となるでしょう。
PMI CAPM 認定試験は、プロジェクト管理の原則と実践の知識と理解を示すための優れた手段です。プロジェクト管理分野でのキャリアの進展や、求職者の雇用機会を向上させることができる貴重な資格です。
質問 # 528
In Project Resource Management, which process uses recognition and rewards as a tool and technique?
- A. Monitor Team
- B. Develop Team
- C. Manage Team
- D. Control Resources
正解：B
解説：
Section: Volume E
Explanation/Reference:
質問 # 529
Which of the following is a component of three-point estimates?
- A. Most likely
- B. Probabilistic
- C. Expected
- D. Anticipated
正解：A
解説：
Section: Volume E
質問 # 530
Recognition and rewards are tools and techniques of which process?
- A. Develop Team
- B. Plan Resource Management
- C. Manage Team
- D. Control Resources
正解：A
解説：
Section: Volume E
Explanation/Reference: https://4squareviews.com/2018/06/15/6th-edition-pmbok-guide-process-9-4-develop-team-tools- and-techniques/
質問 # 531
Which action is included in the Control Costs process?
- A. Develop an approximation of the monetary resources needed to complete project activities
- B. Monitor cost performance to isolate and understand variances from the approved cost baseline
- C. Determine policies, objectives, and responsibilities to satisfy stakeholder needs
- D. Identify how the project costs will be planned, structured, and controlled
正解：B
解説：
Section: Volume B
Explanation:
7.3.3.1 Cost Baseline
The cost baseline is the approved version of the time-phased project budget, excluding any management reserves, which can only be changed through formal change control procedures and is used as a basis for comparison to actual results. It is developed as a summation of the approved budgets for the different schedule activities.
Process: 7.4 Control Costs
Definition: The process of monitoring the status of the project to update the project costs and managing changes to the cost baseline.
Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it determines the cost baseline against which project performance can be monitored and controlled.
Inputs
1. Project management plan
2. Project funding requirements
3. Work performance data
4. Organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
1. Earned value management
2. Forecasting
3. To-complete performance index (TCPI)
4. Performance reviews
5. Project management software
6. Reserve analysis
Outputs
1. Work performance information
2. Cost forecasts
3. Change requests
4. Project management plan updates
5. Project documents updates
6. Organizational process assets updates
質問 # 532
"Tailoring" is defined as the:
- A. adjustment of the respective influences of time, cost, and quality in order to most efficiently achieve scope.
- B. act of creating a project team with the specialized skills required to produce a required product or service.
- C. effort of addressing each process to determine which are appropriate and their appropriate degree of rigor.
- D. action taken to bring a defective or nonconforming component into compliance with requirements or specifications.
正解：C
解説：
Section: Volume D
質問 # 533
Which of the following is an example of an organizational system that is arranged based on the job being performed?
- A. Project-oriented
- B. Functional
- C. Multi-divisional
- D. Simple
正解：B
質問 # 534
Which Activity Duration Estimating technique incorporates additional timing for contingency purposes?
- A. Reserve Analysis
- B. Analogous Estimating
- C. Optimistic Estimates
- D. Expert Judgment
正解：A
解説：
Section: Volume E
Explanation:
6.5.2.6 Reserve Analysis
Duration estimates may include contingency reserves, sometimes referred to as time reserves or buffers, into the project schedule to account for schedule uncertainty. Contingency reserves are the estimated duration within the schedule baseline, which is allocated for identified risks that are accepted and for which contingent or mitigation responses are developed. Contingency reserves are associated with the "known-unknowns," which may be estimated to account for this unknown amount of rework.
As more precise information about the project becomes available, the contingency reserve may be used, reduced, or eliminated. Contingency should be clearly identified in schedule documentation.
[..]
Estimates may also be produced for the amount of management reserve of time for the project. Management reserves are a specified amount of the project duration withheld for management control purposes and are reserved for unforeseen work that is within scope of the project. Management reserves are intended to address the "unknown-unknowns" that can affect a project. Management reserve is not included in the schedule baseline, but it is part of the overall project duration requirements. Depending on contract terms, use of management reserves may require a change to the schedule baseline.
質問 # 535
What tool or technique uses an algorithm or statistical relationship between historical data and other variables to calculate an activity's needed resource quantities?
- A. Parametric estimating
- B. Analogous estimating
- C. Bottom-up estimating
- D. Expert judgment
正解：A
質問 # 536
Identifying major deliverables, deciding if adequate cost estimates can be developed, and identifying tangible components of each deliverable are all part of which of the following?
- A. Organizational breakdown structure
- B. Work breakdown structure
- C. Resource breakdown structure
- D. Bill of materials
正解：B
質問 # 537
An output of the Manage Stakeholder Engagement process is:
- A. the change log
- B. enterprise environmental factors
- C. the stakeholder management plan
- D. change requests
正解：D
解説：
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
13.3 Manage Stakeholder Engagement
Definition: The process of communicating and working with stakeholders to meet their needs/ expectations, address issues as they occur, and foster appropriate stakeholder engagement in project activities throughout the project life cycle.
Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it allows the project manager to increase support and minimize resistance from stakeholders, significantly increasing the chances to achieve project success.
Inputs
1. Stakeholder management plan
2. Communications management plan
3. Change log
4. Organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
1. Communication methods
2. Interpersonal skills
3. Management skills
Outputs
1. Issue log
2. Change requests
3. Project management plan updates
4. Project documents updates
5. Organizational process assets updates
質問 # 538
Updates to organizational process assets such as procurement files, deliverable acceptances, and lessons learned documentation are typical outputs of which process?
- A. Close Procurements
- B. Conduct Procurements
- C. Control Procurements
- D. Close Project or Phase
正解：A
解説：
Section: Volume A
Explanation
Explanation:
12.4.3.2 Organizational Process Assets Updates
Elements of the organizational process assets that may be updated include, but are not limited to:
Procurement file. A complete set of indexed contract documentation, including the closed contract, is
prepared for inclusion with the final project fles.
Deliverable acceptance. Documentation of formal acceptance of seller-provided deliverables may be
required to be retained by the organization. The Close Procurement process ensures this documentation requirement is satisfed. Requirements for formal deliverable acceptance and how to address nonconforming deliverables are usually defined in the agreement.
Lessons learned documentation. Lessons learned, what has been experienced, and process improvement
recommendations, should be developed for the project fle to improve future procurements.
Process: 12.4 Close Procurements
Definition: The process of completing each project procurement.
Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it documents agreements and related documentation for future reference.
Inputs
1. Project management plan
2. Procurement documents
Tools & Techniques
1. Procurement audits
2. Procurement negotiations
3. Records management system
Outputs
1. Closed procurements
2. Organizational process assets updates
質問 # 539
Cost baseline is an output of which of the following processes?
- A. Determine Budget
- B. Control Costs
- C. Estimate Costs
- D. Estimate Activity Resources
正解：A
解説：
Section: Volume C
Explanation
Explanation:
7.3.3.1 Cost Baseline
The cost baseline is the approved version of the time-phased project budget, excluding any management reserves, which can only be changed through formal change control procedures and is used as a basis for comparison to actual results. It is developed as a summation of the approved budgets for the different schedule activities.
Process: 7.3 Determine Budget
Definition: The process of aggregating the estimated costs of individual activities or work packages to establish an authorized cost baseline.
Key Benefit: The key benefit of this process is that it determines the cost baseline against which project performance can be monitored and controlled.
Inputs
1. Cost management plan
2. Scope baseline
3. Activity cost estimates
4. Basis of estimates
5. Project schedule
6. Resource calendars
7. Risk register
8. Agreements
9. Organizational process assets
Tools & Techniques
1. Cost aggregation
2. Reserve analysis
3. Expert judgment
4. Historical relationships
5. Funding limit reconciliation
Outputs
1. Cost baseline
2. Project funding requirements
3. Project documents updates
質問 # 540
What risk technique is used to quantify the probability and impact of risks on project objectives?
- A. Risk response planning
- B. Risk registry
- C. Expert judgment
- D. Interviewing
正解：D
解説：
Section: Volume D
Explanation:
11.2.2.2 Information Gathering Techniques
Examples of information gathering techniques used in identifying risks can include:
Brainstorming. The goal of brainstorming is to obtain a comprehensive list of project risks. The project team
usually performs brainstorming, often with a multidisciplinary set of experts who are not part of the team. Ideas about project risk are generated under the leadership of a facilitator, either in a traditional free-form brainstorm session or structured mass interviewing techniques. Categories of risk, such as in a risk breakdown structure, can be used as a framework. Risks are then identified and categorized by type of risk and their definitions are refined.
Delphi technique. The Delphi technique is a way to reach a consensus of experts. Project risk experts
participate in this technique anonymously. A facilitator uses a questionnaire to solicit ideas about the important project risks. The responses are summarized and are then recirculated to the experts for further comment.
Consensus may be reached in a few rounds of this process. The Delphi technique helps reduce bias in the data and keeps any one person from having undue influence on the outcome.
Interviewing. Interviewing experienced project participants, stakeholders, and subject matter experts helps
to identify risks.
Root cause analysis. Root-cause analysis is a specific technique used to identify a problem, discover the
underlying causes that lead to it, and develop preventive action.
質問 # 541
Which technique helps to determine the risks that have the most potential impact on a project?
- A. Modeling and simulation
- B. Cost risk simulation analysis
- C. Expected monetary value analysis
- D. Sensitivity analysis
正解：D
質問 # 542
An important project stakeholder has low risk tolerance. Which type ot communication should a project manager use to provide this stakeholder with a difficult update?
- A. Short email update
- B. Written report
- C. Face-to-face meeting
- D. Informal conversation
正解：D
質問 # 543
A risk that arises as a direct result of implementing a risk response is called a:
- A. contingent risk
- B. residual risk
- C. secondary risk
- D. potential risk
正解：C
解説：
Section: Volume B
Explanation:
11.5.2 Plan Risk Responses: Tools and Techniques
Several risk response strategies are available. The strategy or mix of strategies most likely to be effective should be selected for each risk. Risk analysis tools, such as decision tree analysis (Section 11.4.2.2), can be used to choose the most appropriate responses. Specific actions are developed to implement that strategy, including primary and backup strategies, as necessary. A fallback plan can be developed for implementation if the selected strategy turns out not to be fully effective or if an accepted risk occurs. Secondary risks should also be reviewed. Secondary risks are risks that arise as a direct result of implementing a risk response. A contingency reserve is often allocated for time or cost. If developed, it may include identification of the conditions that trigger its use.
質問 # 544
Which Activity Duration Estimating technique incorporates additional timing for contingency purposes?
- A. Reserve Analysis
- B. Analogous Estimating
- C. Optimistic Estimates
- D. Expert Judgment
正解：A
質問 # 545
The following chart contains information about the tasks in a project.
Based on the chart, what is the cost performance index (CPI) for Task 2?
- A. 1.25
- B. 0
- C. 1.8
- D. 0.8
正解：A
解説：
Section: Volume B
質問 # 546
What output of the Conduct Procurements process is also an input to the Control Procurements process?
- A. Bid documents
- B. Agreements
- C. Source selection criteria
- D. Change requests
正解：D
質問 # 547
A Project manager received a change request from a key stakeholder, documented it reviewed it with the team, and then presented if for decision. What was project manager trying to do?
- A. Get the budget approved for change
- B. Develop consensus among stakeholders
- C. Make sure management is aware of the change
- D. Get approval from the change control board
正解：C
質問 # 548
A project manager should communicate to stakeholders about resolved project issues by updating the:
- A. project reports
- B. stakeholder notifications
- C. project records
- D. stakeholder register
正解：B
質問 # 549
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CAPM試験は、プロジェクトの開始、計画、実行、監視および制御、終了など、幅広いトピックをカバーしています。プロジェクトライフサイクルフェーズやナレッジエリア、プロジェクトスコープ、時間、コスト、品質、コミュニケーション、リスク、調達、ステークホルダー管理に関する綿密な理解が必要です。この試験は、3時間で完了する150の多肢選択問題から構成されるコンピュータベースの試験です。
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