2024年最新のCQE問題集PDFでCQEリアル試験問題解答
有効なCQEテスト解答とASQ CQE試験PDF問題を試そう
アメリカ品質協会（ASQ）認定品質エンジニア（CQE）試験は、品質エンジニアリングに関与している専門家の知識とスキルをテストするように設計されています。 CQE認定は、質の高いエンジニアリング業界で広く認識され、尊敬されており、試験に合格することは、あらゆる質の高いエンジニアにとって重要な成果です。
質問 # 14
Which of the following statements is always true about an effective design review?
- A. It is conducted by the development team.
- B. It is informal in order to brainstorm more ideas.
- C. It occurs when the design is complete.
- D. It is based on defined criteria.
正解：D
解説：
An effective design review ensures that the design meets certain established criteria and standards. This helps in objectively evaluating the design to find any discrepancies or improvements needed. The other options are not necessarily true for every effective design review:
* A: Design reviews can occur at various stages, not just when the design is complete.
* B: While brainstorming might be part of the process, an effective review should have structure and defined criteria.
* D: The review can involve multiple stakeholders, not just the development team.
質問 # 15
Rank in order, from most to least effective, the controls for mitigating risk.
1. Safety devices
2. Design change
3. Training
- A. 1,2,3
- B. 2,1,3
- C. 2,3,1
- D. 1,3,2
正解：B
解説：
The most effective controls for mitigating risk are generally ranked as follows: 2. Design change: It is the most effective as it eliminates hazards at the source by redesigning the product or process.
* Safety devices: These provide protection by incorporating safety mechanisms into the design but are secondary to eliminating the hazard.
* Training: It is the least effective as it relies on human behavior and adherence to procedures.
References:
* Manuele, F.A. (2014). Advanced Safety Management: Focusing on Z10 and Serious Injury Prevention.
Wiley.
* ISO 31000:2018. (2018). Risk Management - Guidelines. ISO.
質問 # 16
During the performance of an audit, which of the following are key considerations?
I. What sampling plans may be necessary?
II. Is the audit schedule progressing as planned?
III. Is there a need for a technical specialist?
IV. Is the level of compliance satisfactory?
- A. II and IV only
- B. I, II, III and IV
- C. I and IV only
- D. I, II and III only
正解：A
質問 # 17
How many outcomes are possible when performing a single trial of a binomial experiment?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
正解：D
質問 # 18
Risk control includes making decisions using which of the following pieces of information?
- A. Check sheet comparisons
- B. Analysis of experiments
- C. Fault tree analyses results
- D. Acceptable levels of risk
正解：D
解説：
Risk control involves making decisions using information about acceptable levels of risk. This process helps ensure that the risks associated with various activities are managed within tolerable limits, balancing the potential impact with the organization's risk appetite.
質問 # 19
The distribution of a characteristic is negatively skewed. The sampling distribution of the mean for large samples is:
- A. Negatively skewed.
- B. Approximately normal.
- C. Lognormal.
- D. Positively skewed.
正解：B
質問 # 20
Select the incorrect statement from among the following. The IDs of a certain piece of tubing are normally distributed with mean 1.00". The proportion of tubing with IDs less than 0.90 is
- A. Less than the proportion with IDs greater than 1.00
- B. Less than the proportion with IDs greater than 1.10
- C. Less than 50 percent.
- D. Less than the proportion of Ids greater than 0.90
正解：B
質問 # 21
A process is turning out end items that have defects of type A or type B or both. If the probability of type A defect is 0.1 and of a type B is 0.2, the probability that an end item will have no defect is
- A. 0.30
- B. 0.72
- C. 0.7
- D. 0.68
正解：B
質問 # 22
A material review board (MRB) gets its authority to act from which of the following functions?
- A. Purchasing
- B. National or international standards
- C. Engineering
- D. Executive management
正解：D
解説：
A material review board (MRB) gets its authority to act from executive management. The MRB is typically composed of representatives from various departments, including engineering, quality, and production, and is responsible for reviewing and making decisions on non-conforming materials. The authority given by executive management ensures that the MRB has the power to enforce quality standards and make necessary decisions.
質問 # 23
Which of the following actions or techniques is MOST useful in determining the original fundamental cause of a product or process nonconformance?
- A. Continuous improvement.
- B. Root cause analysis.
- C. Pareto analysis.
- D. Preventive action.
正解：B
質問 # 24
If a distribution is skewed to the left, the median will always be
- A. An average of the mean and the mode.
- B. Between the mean and the mode.
- C. Less than the mean.
- D. Greater than the mode.
正解：B
質問 # 25
In the failure rate model shown below, which one of the sections represents the period when catastrophic failures are likely to occur?
- A. B
- B. All sections can experience catastrophic failure.
- C. C
- D. A
正解：B
質問 # 26
The audit team normally advises the auditee immediately upon the discovery of a finding during an audit. Which of the following items is (are) valid reasons for taking this action?
. If corrected immediately, the findings may be eliminated from the audit report.
. If corrected immediately, it shows genuine auditee interest in the objectives of the audit.
. If corrected immediately, it demonstrates the strength of an ongoing audit program.
- A. IIIonly
- B. I,IIandIII
- C. I only
- D. IIandIIIonly
正解：D
質問 # 27
The primary benefit of implementing a supplier rating system for an organization is to
- A. measure the supplier's timeliness and delivery
- B. guarantee an improvement in the supplier audit
- C. help the organization identify supplier's areas competencies and weaknesses
- D. ensure reduction in the supplier's process variability
正解：C
解説：
Implementing a supplier rating system provides multiple benefits:
* Reduction in Supplier's Process Variability:
* Focuses on improving consistency but is not the primary benefit.
* Identify Competencies and Weaknesses:
* Allows the organization to assess and benchmark suppliers' performance in different areas, identifying strengths and areas for improvement.
* Helps in making informed decisions about supplier selection and development.
* Measure Timeliness and Delivery:
* Important aspect of supplier performance but not the primary benefit.
* Improvement in Supplier Audit:
* Enhanced audits through better data but secondary to understanding competencies and weaknesses.
Identifying competencies and weaknesses enables better supplier management and development, making it the primary benefit.
References: Supply chain management literature and supplier evaluation methodologies.
質問 # 28
According to Tchebysheff's theorem what % of measurements must lie within 2.5 standard deviations of the mean?
- A. 0.840
- B. 0.625
- C. 3/4
- D. 8/9
正解：A
質問 # 29
Adjusting machine settings to reduce the effect of ambient temperature changes on the seal strength of a paper package is an example of
- A. robust design
- B. analysis of variance
- C. statistical process control
- D. process capability
正解：A
解説：
Robust design focuses on improving product and process designs to be less sensitive to variations, such as ambient temperature changes.
Adjusting machine settings to maintain consistent seal strength despite temperature fluctuations is an example of making a process more robust.
Robust design techniques aim to ensure that products and processes perform reliably under varying conditions.
References: "Taguchi's Quality Engineering Handbook" explains the principles of robust design and its application in manufacturing.
質問 # 30
A production line has job aids that outline, step by step, how to perform the tasks of the job. This is followed by each of the operators working on the line. This is an example of
- A. take time
- B. standardized work
- C. 5S
- D. value stream mapping
正解：B
解説：
Standardized work involves documenting and following the best practices for performing tasks on the production line.
Job aids that outline step-by-step instructions ensure consistency and quality in task performance.
This practice helps in maintaining uniformity and reducing variability in the production process.
References: Lean manufacturing literature, such as "The Lean Manufacturing Pocket Handbook," describes standardized work as a core principle for ensuring efficiency and quality.
質問 # 31
Periodically, a sample of 20 items are randomly selected from a population that is normally distributed, the average is computed, and plotted. Which of the following statements is correct?
I. The average of the logarithms of the values is lognormally distributed.
II. The standard deviation of the averages is equal to the standard deviation of the individuals divided by the square root of 20.
III. The variance of the averages is equal to the variance of the individuals divided by the square root of 20.
- A. I and III only
- B. I only
- C. II only
- D. I and II only
正解：C
質問 # 32
Several units from a random sample of units produced on Line 3 were found to be defective. Which of the following actions should be taken next?
- A. Measure the units again to confirm they are defective
- B. Measure all units produced on the line
- C. Ask someone to disposition the defective units
- D. Segregate the defective units
正解：D
解説：
When several units from a random sample are found to be defective, the immediate next action should be to segregate the defective units. This step is crucial to prevent defective units from being mixed with non-defective units, ensuring that they do not reach customers or proceed further in the production process.
Segregating defective units helps in identifying the extent of the issue and facilitates further investigation and corrective actions.
質問 # 33
Which of the following elements is essential for a run chart?
- A. Time sequence
- B. Process stability
- C. Special causes
- D. Defect classifications
正解：A
解説：
A run chart, also known as a run-sequence plot, is a basic tool for analyzing data over time.
* Process Stability:
* Stability is analyzed using the run chart, but it is not an essential element of the chart itself.
* Defect Classifications:
* While defects can be plotted, they are not essential to all run charts.
* Special Causes:
* Identifying special causes can be an outcome of analyzing a run chart, but it is not an essential element.
* Time Sequence:
* The essential element of a run chart is the time sequence. It plots data points in time order to show trends, shifts, or cycles.
* This temporal plotting helps in understanding how the process changes over time.
References: Statistical process control literature and quality management resources discussing run charts.
質問 # 34
When planning quality control functions, which one of the following is MOST directly related to production of a quality product?
- A. Dimensional tolerancing.
- B. Suitable blueprints.
- C. Process control and process capability.
- D. Product audits.
正解：C
質問 # 35
In nonparametric statistics:
. No assumptions are made concerning the distribution from which the samples are taken.
. The parameters of the distribution do not relate to the parameters of the sample.
. The sample and the distribution must have no parameters in common.
- A. IIIonly
- B. IIonly
- C. IIandIIIonly
- D. I only
正解：D
質問 # 36
A leak test is performed on every water tank. The production superintendent wants to know the location of each leak on defective tanks. Which of the following tools is most appropriate for collecting this data?
- A. Check sheet
- B. Automatic gauging system
- C. Pareto diagram
- D. Data coding
正解：A
解説：
To collect data on the location of each leak on defective tanks, the most appropriate tool is a check sheet. A check sheet allows for the systematic recording and compiling of data, making it easy to identify and locate defects.Reason: A check sheet is used to collect data in a structured manner and is particularly useful for tracking the frequency and location of defects.
質問 # 37
An improvement in quality costs is MOST clearly indicated when:
- A. Appraisal and failure costs drop.
- B. Total quality costs fall below 15% of total sales.
- C. Management objectives are met.
- D. Prevention costs increase.
正解：C
質問 # 38
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