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PMI-PBA試験問題（更新されたのは2025年）100%リアル問題解答
質問 # 51
Which document best provides the boundaries for product development?
- A. Project plan
- B. Requirements baseline
- C. Scope definition
- D. Scope document
正解：D
解説：
Explanation/Reference: https://www.pumpsandsystems.com/general-scope-document-project-boundaries
質問 # 52
A project that was going well for the last few months has encountered a situation-regulatory authorities have deemed that the project does not meet their requirements. Although regulatory requirements were identified during an earlier phase of the project, there is no substantial evidence to prove that the requirements were formally rejected.
This could have been avoided if:
- A. the project team documented customer requests and obtained sign-off.
- B. the project manager circulated the meeting minutes after the discussions with all the attendees.
- C. a change control process for requirements and their statuses was followed.
- D. the customer met with regulatory authorities to verify that their requirements were also considered.
正解：C
解説：
This situation could have been avoided if a change control process for requirements and their statuses was followed. A change control process is a set of procedures and tools that helps the business analyst to manage changes to the requirements, and to document and communicate the impact and approval of the changes. A change control process also helps to maintain the traceability and quality of the requirements, and to ensure that they are aligned with the business needs and the project scope. References: PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)Examination Content Outline1, page 23; Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide2, page 131.
質問 # 53
Which tool provides combined functionality for business analysis and quality assurance activities?
- A. Functional specification tool
- B. System use case modeling tool
- C. Requirements traceability tool
- D. Solution quality assurance tool
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
A requirements traceability tool is a tool that provides combined functionality for business analysis and quality assurance activities. It helps to document and track the relationships and dependencies among the requirements, the sources of the requirements, and the project deliverables. It also helps to monitor the status, changes, and verification of the requirements throughout the project life cycle. A requirements traceability tool can also support the analysis, validation, and testing of the requirements, as well as the evaluation of the solution quality and performance12.
A functional specification tool is a tool that helps to define and document the functional requirements of a system or a solution. It describes the features, functions, behaviors, and inputs and outputs of the system or the solution. It also specifies the acceptance criteria and the expected results of the system or the solution. A functional specification tool is mainly used for business analysis activities, but not for quality assurance activities13.
A system use case modeling tool is a tool that helps to illustrate and communicate the interactions and scenarios between the users and the system or the solution. It uses diagrams, symbols, and text to represent the actors, use cases, relationships, and flows of events of the system or the solution. It also defines the preconditions, postconditions, and exceptions of each use case. A system use case modeling tool is mainly used for business analysis activities, but not for quality assurance activities14.
A solution quality assurance tool is a tool that helps to measure and evaluate the quality of the system or the solution. It uses various methods and techniques, such as testing, inspection, review, audit, and feedback, to check the quality of the system or the solution against the quality standards and criteria. It also identifies and reports any quality issues, defects, or errors of the system or the solution. A solution quality assurance tool is mainly used for quality assurance activities, but not for business analysis activities1 .
References: 1 PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)
Examination Content Outline, page
9-11; 2 Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide, page 121; 3 Business Analysis for Practitioners:
A Practice Guide, page 133; 4 Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide, page 135; Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide, page 125
質問 # 54
A company is developing a new e-commerce platform to enter a new market segment. Development is well under way when the government issues a new set of regulations.
Which course of action should the business analyst take?
- A. Evaluate the impact of the change on the project schedule.
- B. Obtain management sign-off on the new set of regulations.
- C. Check the traceability matrix to identify affected use cases.
- D. Evaluate if the new set of regulations is aligned with the business case.
正解：A
質問 # 55
A company is developing a new risk management system. The company expects the system to evolve in the near future due to changing government regulations.
Which approach will better cope with the requirements' volatility?
- A. Phased baselining
- B. Multivoting
- C. Storyboarding
- D. Comparative analysis
正解：A
質問 # 56
A business analyst is working with the project manager, company auditors, and project stakeholders to determine whether formal signoff should be required for the project. For which reason would the business analyst recommend formal signoff to the group?
- A. The industry is unregulated.
- B. The organization follows an iterative project life cycle.
- C. The project impact is contained within a small department of the company.
- D. Errors in the product could result in financial solvency.
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
The business analyst would recommend formal signoff to the group if errors in the product could result in financial solvency. Formal signoff is a process that ensures that the stakeholders agree on and approve the requirements and deliverables of the project. Formal signoff can help to reduce ambiguity, confusion, or disputes among the stakeholders and increase their accountability and commitment to the project. Formal signoff is especially important when errors in the product could result in financial solvency, as it implies that there is a high level of risk, complexity, or regulation involved in the project and that any mistake or defect could have severe consequences for the organization or its customers. The industry being unregulated is not a reason to recommend formal signoff to the group, as it implies that there is less need for compliance or verification of the product quality or performance. The project impact being contained within a small department of the company is not a reason to recommend formal signoff to the group, as it implies that there is less stakeholder involvement or interest in the project outcome or value. The organization following an iterative project life cycle is not a reason to recommend formal signoff to the group, as it implies that there is more flexibility and adaptability in the project scope and deliverables and that feedback and validation are obtained frequently throughout the project. References: Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide 1, page 113-114; PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)
Examination Content Outline 2,
page 17.
質問 # 57
A project team has been assembled to reduce production costs. The business analyst is working with the project team to review and approve requirements. A stakeholder from the assembly line area has an issue with one of the requirements since it is dependent on using existing equipment that is set to be retired within the next six months.
Which of these techniques would the business analyst use to manage issues identified by stakeholders with requirements to ensure that those issues are resolved?
- A. Process modeling
- B. Estimation
- C. Problem tracking
- D. Interviews
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
Explanation/Reference: https://www.wisdomjobs.com/today-walkins
質問 # 58
The business analyst has been assigned to a project involving a low number of stakeholders. Which technique should be used to elicit requirements?
- A. Document analysis
- B. Survey
- C. Interface analysis
- D. Interview
正解：D
質問 # 59
A key component of the business analysts role during acceptance testing is to:
- A. act as a resource only when users encounter difficulties while performing tests.
- B. assist the quality assurance department by defining acceptance cntena.
- C. execute all acceptance tests on behalf of the user community.
- D. delegate execution of acceptance testing and defect identification to users.
正解：B
質問 # 60
A project that was going well for the last few months has encountered a situation-regulatory authorities have deemed that the project does not meet their requirements. Although regulatory requirements were identified during an earlier phase of the project, there is no substantial evidence to prove that the requirements were formally rejected.
This could have been avoided if:
- A. the project team documented customer requests and obtained sign-off.
- B. the project manager circulated the meeting minutes after the discussions with all the attendees.
- C. a change control process for requirements and their statuses was followed.
- D. the customer met with regulatory authorities to verify that their requirements were also considered.
正解：C
解説：
Explanation
This situation could have been avoided if a change control process for requirements and their statuses was followed. A change control process is a set of procedures and tools that helps the business analyst to manage changes to the requirements, and to document and communicate the impact and approval of the changes. A change control process also helps to maintain the traceability and quality of the requirements, and to ensure that they are aligned with the business needs and the project scope. References: PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)
Examination Content Outline1, page 23; Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide2, page 131.
質問 # 61
A national company with offices in every state in the country has deployed a solution to allow employees to view their health benefits online. The business analyst on the project team is validating solution results to assess whether or not the solution has achieved the desired business result.
Which is the best technique to gather information from employees regarding their satisfaction with the solution?
- A. Interface analysis
- B. Survey
- C. Focus groups
- D. Organization modeling
正解：B
解説：
A survey is a technique that involves collecting information from a large number of people by asking them questions and analyzing the results. Surveys are often used to measure the satisfaction, opinions, preferences, or attitudes of customers, employees, or other stakeholders. Surveys can be conducted through various methods, such as mail, online, phone, or in-person. Surveys are a suitable technique for gathering information from employees regarding their satisfaction with the solution because:
* Surveys can reach a large and geographically dispersed population of employees across the country.
* Surveys can allow employees to provide anonymous and honest feedback without being influenced by peer pressure or group dynamics.
* Surveys can use standardized and quantifiable questions that can be easily analyzed and compared.
* Surveys can be cost-effective and time-efficient compared to other techniques that require more resources and coordination.
References: = PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA) Examination Content Outline, page 19.
質問 # 62
A business analyst is trying to complete the requirement documentation of a project and finds that the developers have started development The business analyst should first facilitate the:
- A. requirements acceptance with the customer.
- B. requirements gathering workshops with the stakeholders.
- C. requirements sign-off with the customer.
- D. requirements validation with the testers.
正解：C
質問 # 63
An organization is in the process of replacing its current system. The business analyst is charged with ensuring that all current connections to other systems remain functional after the upgrade.
What analysis should the business analyst conduct to facilitate a successful migration?
- A. Interface
- B. Document
- C. User interface
- D. Systems
正解：A
質問 # 64
A type of requirements document that would be the most valuable to a database administrator would be:
- A. an entity relationship diagram
- B. an object diagram.
- C. a data flow diagram.
- D. a business process diagram.
正解：A
質問 # 65
The sales team of a company has won a time-and-malerial project. The business analyst discovers that the sales team has underestimated the required budget and schedule Which course of action should the business analyst take?
- A. Accept the contract, and deliver only the requirements that fit within the budget and schedule.
- B. Accept the contract, and then notify the customer about the potential for a cost overrun.
- C. Develop a requirements baseline document and use it to negotiate the scope in the contract.
- D. Refrain from working on the project and request that the customer cancel the contract.
正解：C
質問 # 66
A business analyst has started a project for a system enhancement. In order to determine how the requirements will be approved, the business analyst schedules a meeting with the stakeholders to discuss the proposed approval process.
Which measure of effective decision making allows the business analyst to finalize the process for requirement approval?
- A. The requirements verification process is documented.
- B. The requirements elicitation process is documented.
- C. The requirements validation process is documented.
- D. The requirements approval process is documented.
正解：D
解説：
Explanation
The requirements approval process is documented as a measure of effective decision making that allows the business analyst to finalize the process for requirement approval. The requirements approval process defines the roles, responsibilities, criteria, methods, and tools for approving the requirements and ensuring that they meet the stakeholder needs and expectations. The requirements approval process should be agreed upon by the stakeholders and the business analyst before the requirements are elicited, analyzed, and validated. The requirements verification process is not a measure of effective decision making, but a technique for ensuring that the requirements are complete, correct, consistent, and clear. The requirements elicitation process is not a measure of effective decision making, but a set of activities for discovering, gathering, and understanding the stakeholder needs and expectations. The requirements validation process is not a measure of effective decision making, but a technique for confirming that the requirements align with the business objectives and deliver value to the stakeholders. References: Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide, page 113-114 1; PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)
Examination Content Outline, page 17 2.
質問 # 67
A business analyst has received a test result report that shows evidence of defective functionality. The business analyst checks the test result again and verifies that the functionality behaves according to the requirements.
At this point, the business analyst should first:
- A. verify that the test case is incorrect.
- B. ask the tester to perform the test again.
- C. let the users decide if the test result 1s acceptable.
- D. change the requirement according to the test result.
正解：A
解説：
Explanation
A test case is a set of conditions or variables under which a tester will determine whether a system under test satisfies the requirements or works correctly. A test case is derived from the requirements and the acceptance criteria, and it specifies the input data, expected output, and execution steps. A test case is incorrect if it does not match the requirements or the acceptance criteria, or if it contains errors, ambiguities, or inconsistencies. If the business analyst receives a test result report that shows evidence of defective functionality, but verifies that the functionality behaves according to the requirements, the business analyst should first verify that the test case is incorrect. This can be done by reviewing the test case, comparing it with the requirements and the acceptance criteria, and identifying any discrepancies or flaws. By verifying that the test case is incorrect, the business analyst can avoid unnecessary changes to the requirements or the solution, and ensure that the test results are valid and reliable. References: PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)
Examination
Content Outline3, page 21; Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide4, page 101.
質問 # 68
A business analyst has captured all of the requirements from the various stakeholders within the organization and has compiled them into a complete list. After reviewing the list of requirements with the stakeholders, it is determined that the list of requirements is too large and will exceed the allotted budget.
Which tool or technique should the business analyst use with the stakeholders to prioritize the requirements to determine which requirements are approved, deferred, or rejected?
- A. SWOT Analysis
- B. Moscow Analysis
- C. Timeboxing Analysis
- D. SMART Goals
正解：B
解説：
Moscow analysis is a tool or technique that the business analyst can use with the stakeholders to prioritize the requirements to determine which requirements are approved, deferred, or rejected. Moscow analysis is a method of categorizing requirements into four groups: must-have, should-have, could-have, and won't-have.
Must-have requirements are essential and non-negotiable for the project success. Should-have requirements are important but not critical for the project success. Could-have requirements are desirable but not necessary for the project success. Won't-have requirements are out of scope or low priority for the current project.
Moscow analysis can help to identify the most valuable and feasible requirements that can be delivered within the available time and budget. It can also help to manage stakeholder expectations and resolve conflicts or disagreements on the priority of the requirements. SMART goals is a tool or technique that can be used to define clear and measurable objectives for a project or a process, but it does not help to prioritize the requirements. SMART goals are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound. SWOT analysis is a tool or technique that can be used to assess the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of a project or a process, but it does not help to prioritize the requirements. SWOT analysis can help to identify the internal and external factors that affect the project or process performance and quality. Timeboxing analysis is not a standard tool or technique in business analysis, but it may refer to a method of allocating a fixed amount of time for each task or activity in a project or a process, but it does not help to prioritize the requirements. Timeboxing analysis can help to manage time and resources efficiently and effectively. References: PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)Examination Content Outline1, page 15; Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide2, page 95.
質問 # 69
In the middle of a project, a new requirement was added to the scope. The business analyst must determine if any impacts, dependencies, or risks are associated with the addition to the scope.
What task should the business analyst perform in order to identify these impacts?
- A. Manage solution scope.
- B. Manage requirements prioritization.
- C. Manage assumptions and constraints.
- D. Manage requirements traceability.
正解：C
解説：
Managing solution scope is the task of ensuring that the solution meets the agreed-upon requirements and delivers the expected value to the stakeholders. Managing solution scope involves analyzing the impact of any changes to the scope, assessing the feasibility and risks of the changes, and obtaining approval from the stakeholders before implementing the changes. Managing solution scope can help the business analyst to identify the impacts, dependencies, or risks associated with the addition to the scope. References: = PMI Professional in Business Analysis (PMI-PBA)Examination Content Outline (2019), page 14; Business Analysis for Practitioners: A Practice Guide (2015), page 83.
質問 # 70
The client produced a specification for a new product to be developed by Company A. Company A designed and successfully tested the new product against the test plan, yet the client does not agree that it meets the specification.
What could have caused this?
- A. Requirement changes were not properly identified in the project charter.
- B. The product was not adequately tested in accordance with the test plan.
- C. The requirements matrix did not adequately track back to client requirements.
- D. The product design was not properly reviewed by the quality department.
正解：C
解説：
According to the PMI Guide to Business Analysis, a requirements traceability matrix is a tool that helps to ensure that the requirements are aligned with the business needs and objectives, and that they are verified and validated throughout the project life cycle. A requirements traceability matrix can also help to identify gaps, redundancies, and inconsistencies in the requirements. If the requirements matrix did not adequately track back to client requirements, it could result in a product that does not meet the client's expectations or specifications, even if it passes the test plan. Therefore, it is important to establish and maintain a clear and accurate traceability of requirements from their source to their implementation and verification. References:
PMI Guide to Business Analysis, page 179-180.
質問 # 71
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